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Search results: Sh. Mazhitayeva

Number of results: 36


Young people of Кazahstan and obligatory military educating (1941-1945 гг.)
Annotation:

The article describes the participation of Komsomol and the Kazahstan youngsters in soldiers training for the front. The author analyses the preparation of military resources in security and sports organizations and the role of the youth during World War II.

Year of release: 2012
Number of the journal: 4(48)
Heading: Social sciences

Тhe species composition and nutrition of dominant f
Annotation:

The results of analysis of catches with stationary nets made from 2010 to 2012 in the North Absheron Gulf of the Caspian Sea have been presented. 26 species of fish belonging to 8 families (16 marine species, 10 migratory and semi-migratory species ) is registered in the catches. There are data distribution and abundance of each species for all of the families are summarized. The tendency of expansion of areals of marine species (Alosa braschnikowi kisselewitschi, A.b.sarensis) to the north is registered.

Year of release: 2012
Number of the journal: 4(48)
Heading: Natural sciences

Some aspects of human resources management performance indicators at the enterprise
Annotation:

This article views the theoretical aspects of the evaluation of the forensic and expert activity as well as the analysis of experts’ tasks on the assignments of different law-enforcement authorities and individuals.

Author: S.Sh. Khamzina
Year of release:
Number of the journal:
Heading: Social sciences

Problems of the development of informal ecological education for realization of the conception of the Republic of Kazakhstan on transition to green economy
Annotation:

There are given the results of social research of ecological problems of the region and presented recommendations on formation of ecological culture among the population.

Year of release:
Number of the journal:
Heading: Social sciences

Anthelmintic preparations that cause side effects in children
Annotation:

Today the clinical manifestation of enterobiosis is studied adequately. However, global environmental changes for the last decades, the widespread use of anthelmintic preparations, medications and number of other factors have changed the clinical data of parasitic infestations. Today a question of treatment of parasitic infestationsof children is not fully resolved. Despite the availability of a wide range of antiparasitic agents, they possess a lot of side effects. Moreover, currently, there is a tendency that many parasites develop tolerance for antiparasitic preparations. In this regard search methods for early, highly-qualified, informative and specific verification of helminth-parasitic infestation remain relevant in order tocarry out timely treatment with the methods, which have minimal side effects and possess high efficacy against parasitic infections of children.

Year of release:
Number of the journal:
Heading: Natural sciences

Anthelmintic preparations that cause side effects in children
Annotation:

Today the clinical manifestation of enterobiosis is studied adequately. However, global environmental changes for the last decades, the widespread use of anthelmintic preparations, medications and number of other factors have changed the clinical data of parasitic infestations. Today a question of treatment of parasitic infestationsof children is not fully resolved. Despite the availability of a wide range of antiparasitic agents, they possess a lot of side effects. Moreover, currently, there is a tendency that many parasites develop tolerance for antiparasitic preparations. In this regard search methods for early, highly-qualified, informative and specific verification of helminth-parasitic infestation remain relevant in order tocarry out timely treatment with the methods, which have minimal side effects and possess high efficacy against parasitic infections of children.

Year of release:
Number of the journal:
Heading: Natural sciences

The lingvo culturological of features of a teomorphic metaphor of peri
Annotation:

In this article some opinion on the relation the lingvo culturological of features of a teomorphic metaphor, considered as a fundamental metaphor is stated. On a row with it, on the example of classical poetry of Alisher Navoi, Babur, is described the semantic nature of this metaphor.

Year of release: 2015
Number of the journal: 3(59)
Heading: Humanities

The use of ash and slag waste CHP Pavlodar region
Annotation:

This article discusses the use of ash and slag waste such as ash or slag boilers and thermal power plants of Pavlodar region. We describe the main source of energy today. Produced by laboratory analysis of the composition of the ash. A basic installation for the processing of the ash. It presents the possibility of using fly ash in building materials industry.

Author: A.M. Kadyrbekov
Year of release: 2016
Number of the journal: 1(61)

Analysis and Evaluation of Dynamic of Emergency Situations in Ekibastuz city
Annotation:

The paper analyzes dynamics of emergency situations in rural zone of Ekibastuz city. The main causes of emergencies of natural and anthropogenic nature are presented. The analysis was based on five-year experience of the Department of Emergency Situations in Ekibastuz city. The material damage from emergency incidents is in the order of several millions. Measures of a preventive and recommendatory nature aimed at preventing and eliminating emergencies are proposed.

Year of release: 2016
Number of the journal: 4(64)
Heading: Social sciences

The effect of conductive electromagnetic interference on the phase-to-ground fault current in 6-35 kV networks
Annotation:

The article presents a study of the effect of a resistor in a network neutral point from 6 to 35 kV on the conductive electromagnetic interference with the ground-fault current. A mathematical model is proposed.

Year of release: 2016
Number of the journal: 4(64)

Formation of success of primary class learners
Annotation:

The article states a primary school is an uninterrupted level of primary education, this quality of success is determined a future of a person. Formation of success in educational upbringing process is the main problem of primary school. Successes of primary class learners are considered by social-and-pedagogical aspect. The article shows educational methods of formation successes of primary class learners.

Year of release: 2016
Number of the journal: 2(62)

Formation of social-and-cultural competence in the process of learning of English language
Annotation:

This article discusses theoretical and practical bases of formation of sociocultural competence in the process of learning English. The structure and content of sociocultural competence are revealed, as well as the criteria for the selection of educational material for its formation in schoolchildren . The article proposes an analysis of the types of educational texts which form social-and-cultural competence among students, discusses the types of communication and their characteristics. The components of the verbal forms of social competence by using comparative analysis of the approaches of learning. Article defines the levels of interpersonal communication and their characteristics.

Year of release: 2016
Number of the journal: 2(62)

The organization of management in conditions of emergency relief operations in the Pavlodar region
Annotation:

The work analyzes the emergency situations that occurred on the territory of the Pavlodar region. The main causes of emergencies of natural and man-made nature are presented. The article contains the results of the analysis of the effectiveness of management in a safety-related system in the Pavlodar region and recommendations for improving the safety-related system during the emergency relief operations.

Year of release: 2017
Number of the journal: 4(68)

Current issues of the system of organization and compliance with regulations in the field of labor protection at «Aluminum of Kazakhstan» JSC
Annotation:

The analysis of the current management system of labor protection at «Aluminum of Kazakhstan» JSC is provided. Services and departments providing production activities are presented. The basic principles of the management system of labor protectionare considered. The organization of work on labor protection and development of corrective and preventive actions are presented.

Year of release: 2017
Number of the journal: 4(68)

The review of national legal instruments dealing with chemicals management issues
Annotation:

This article considers chemical safety as a system of measures aimed at protecting vital human interests against adverse chemical effect from threats of processing, storing and destroying hazardous chemicals. Chemical safety is ensured by a complex of legal, organizational, financial, material and informational measures intended for prevention and elimination of real and potential security risk, mitigation of their consequences.

Year of release: 2017
Number of the journal: 4(68)

Peculiarities of the method of teaching discipline
Annotation:

"Information communication technologies" in English language Annotation. The article discusses the use of the CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) methodology in the teaching of the discipline "Information and Communication Technologies" in English. The use of this technology in polylingual groups is most appropriate, since the CLIL pursues two goals, namely, the study of the subject through a foreign language, and a foreign language through the taught subject. Integrability is determined by the fundamental nature of ICT and the nature of the basic objects of its study; the ability to work with information refers to general educational skills. Teaching ICT in English allows students to look at English from an information point of view. To assimilate the material, the already existing knowledge of students in the user aspect is reinforced, relying on the basic concepts of ICT and competence in the field of informatics, expanding the literacy skills of ICT tools and English-language software, enriching vocabulary in English, forming orientation skills in the English interface of applied and office programs ..

Year of release: 2017
Number of the journal: 4(68)
Heading: Natural sciences

Improvement of personnel management in limited liability partnerships
Annotation:

The article discusses current issues of staffing the personnel management system in the field of the enterprise. It is noted that the solution of the problem of staffing the personnel management system will create an effective functioning of the entire enterprise.

Year of release: 2018
Number of the journal: 1(69)

Problems of ensuring labor protection and safety at the enterprise
Annotation:

The article describes the relationship of man as a species with nature. It is shown that this relationship is determined by the conditions of existence, the quality of air and water, the necessary elements of nutrition. It is also pointed to the role of environmental conditions-optimal for the body, determining human health and life expectancy

Year of release: 2018
Number of the journal: 3(71)

Prevention of emergency situations and liquidation of their consequences in Pavlodar region
Annotation:

The analysis of the occurred emergency situations in the territory of Pavlodar is carried out. A set of preventive measures aimed at reducing the number of emergencies is proposed. The main causes of natural and man-made emergencies are presented

Year of release: 2018
Number of the journal: 3(71)

Organizational and technical measures to improve working conditions in the workplace on the example of JSC «Aluminum Kazakhstan»
Annotation:

The article describes the results of the analysis of the state of working conditions at the enterprise and at the site of JSC «Алюминий Казахстан». Deficiencies in the OSH management system have been identified. Measures are proposed to improve working conditions and prevent industrial injuries. These measures will help ensure safe working conditions in the workplace and reduce the risk of occupational diseases

Year of release: 2018
Number of the journal: 3(71)

Development and research of measures for the preparation of production personnel for action in emergency situations
Annotation:

In the work measures on preparation of production personnel for actions in the conditions of emergency situations are considered on the example of Neftekhim LTD LLP. The structure of the control system and its main components were studied, the regulatory legal framework used in industrial safety was described. The possible risks and dangers, as well as harmful substances used in the production of plant products and their effect on the body were studied; the current state of the control system in the field of emergency prevention was evaluated

Year of release: 2018
Number of the journal: 4(72)

Development of technology for the purification of water from mercury pollution
Annotation:

The object of the study was water and bottom sediments of the lake Balkyldak of Pavlodar region, contaminated by mercury wastes.The purpose of the work is the creation of innovative cost-effective technologies for deep cleaning of aqueous media from mercury to the level of 1-10 parts per trillion, which will be tested for the cleaning of the lake Bylkyldak facilities in Pavlodar region.

Year of release: 2019
Number of the journal: 4(76)

Conceptual sphere in the structure of consciousness
Annotation:

he article presents the results of research on the idea of «conceptosphere» in modern science. The main emphasis is placed on the semantic spheres represented by the meanings of words in the language. The authors conclude how much is the culture of a nation, its folklore, literature, science, fine art, historical experience, and religion is rich, so the concept sphere of the people is richer. In addition, the concept sphere of a person is a field of knowledge made up of concepts as its units. There are reflected the sources of the conceptual unit of ideas from which the world view of the language speaker is formed. The article analyzes the main trends of concepts that form the concept sphere, which enter into correlating relationships, hierarchies with other concepts by their individual characteristics.The specific nature of the system relations of concepts requires research, but the General principle of systematicity undoubtedly applies to the national conceptual sphere, as thinking itself presupposes the categorization of thought objects, and categorization presupposes the ordering of its objects.The article summarizes the conceptual system, which should be considered in terms of mental representations, mental lexicon, and the language of thought that are part of it. The term «cognitive space» also defines an individual cognitive space – a structured set of knowledge and ideas that has any lingual person, every speaker. In their work, the authors highlight the collective cognitive space, represented by a structured set of knowledge and ideas that must be possessed by all individuals belonging to a particul ar society. Attention is paid to the distinction between the concept sphere and the semantic space of the language. According to the authors’opinions, the concept sphere presupposes the existence of a mental sphere. The mental sphere consists of concepts that exist in the form of concepts, diagrams, gestalts, mental pictures, frames, scenarios. The semantic space of a language is that part of the concept sphere that is expressed by means of language signs. The semantic space of language is the subject of co gnitive linguistics research due to the fact that most of the conceptosphere of the human ethnos is represented within the semantic space of language.

Year of release: 2020
Number of the journal: 2(78)
Heading: Humanities

Human trafficking with the purpose of labour exploitation and illegal labour migration in the Eurasian Economic Union countries: problem statement
Annotation:

Annotation. The research topic is directly connected with the solution of the nationwide issues of the social and labor policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, based on the globalization and regional processes in the world, the experience of its implementation in the regions and, first of all, in the Eurasian Economic Union member-states. Another important factor is the comparative consideration of social policy and labor potential of Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan taking into account national and common interests. At the present stage, the issues of illegal labor migration and human trafficking in our country are given special attention. The main aim of the research is developing recommendations and proposals, aimed at further progress of the legal framework for cooperation in the social and labor sphere and the social protection of labor rights as a promising area of legal science and as an important line of social and integration policy. The research also aims at the research and examination of human trafficking and labor migration as a social phenomenon in the EAEU countries, the study of methods and techniques of combating it, and the development of recommendations for improving legislation and strategies to counteract this social phenomenon.

Year of release: 2020
Number of the journal: 2(78)
Heading: Law

Diagnostic value of hematological studies in ichthyopathology
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The article presents studies on the morphological picture of the blood of fish in a comparative aspect, depending on age and species. In recent years, the influence of anthropogenic factors on the ecosystem of water bodies has intensified. In this regard, the main direction of solving the problems of ichthy -epizootological situations is new areas in veterinary medicine, in particular, hematological recognition of shaped elements in the blood of fish. To identify and understand the state of the fish organism, which they reflect, the researcher must first of all correctly determine these forms of cells in the blood, especially this applies to white blood cells. Our review is brief and does not pretend to be completely complete literature data on this issue. All this together gives a complex morphological picture of the blood of fish, which is difficult to typify. Unlike higher vertebrates, fish lack bone marrow and lymph nodes, hematopoiesis occurs both in organs, which include reticular syncytium (gill apparatus, kidneys, lymphoid organ), and vascular endothelium of the gill apparatus and heart and spleen and, in some cases, intestinal mucosa. In bone fish, the anterior part of the kidneys is the main organ of hematopoiesis; hematopoiesis also occurs in the lymphoid organs and in the spleen. The purpose of this research is to study the morphological picture of the blood of fish in a comparative aspect, depending on age and species. 3-7 animals from each age group of fish were examined on average. To study the morphological composition of blood from fish, blood was taken from gill vessels and from the heart cavity. In the process of research, it was found that the peculiarity of fish is the presence in the blood of both mature and young red blood cells, red blood cells have nuclei. Bony fish have four types of myeloid cells at all stages of development, known in the hematology of higher vertebrates and humans. A distinctive feature of fish granulocytes is the ability to observe leukocytes in all successive stages of filling the cytoplasm with granules, and the nucleus of th ese cells is very rarely lobed. Unlike fish, in mammals it is very difficult to distinguish between the stages of development of basophils and eosinophils (myelocytes, juvenile, stab and segmented), since the segmentation of the nucleus is weakly expressed , and the number of granules does not increase as the cells mature. It can be noted that the studies initiated can contribute to determining the choice of hematological studies. Given the above factors, a detailed epidemiological classification of hematolo gical studies will be obtained. The research results make certain additions to the procedures of veterinary-hematological studies in the field of ichthyopathology. In the future, research will continue in the direction of hematological diagnosis of fish di seases and prerequisites will be created for a detailed epidemiological classification of hematological studies.

Year of release: 2020
Number of the journal: 2(78)

New format of relations in public procurement of the Republic of Kazakhstan in connection with the pandemic COVID-19
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In this article, the author examines the problems of legal regulation of public procurement in a state of emergency and quarantine measures. The purpose of this article is to study the changes that have appeared in the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in connection with the introduction of the state of emergency and quarantine in the country. The author provides a legal assessment and analyzes the new norms of Kazakhstani legislation regulating public relations in the field of organizing public procurement. The closure of state borders, the violation of the usual, accumulated over the years, economic ties led to disruptions in the economic activities of state bodies. With all the disadvantages that took place, the positive factor was that the demand for the goods of Kazakhstani producers on the market increased. The introduced new method of public procurement using framework agreements made it possible, in turn, to ensure the guaranteed sale of products of Kazakhstani commodity producers, and also made it possible to apply import substitution of frequently purchased goods. In this article, the author, on the basis of a study of the current practice in this area, demonstrates the features of legal regulation of the sphere of public procurement in completely social new conditions with the help of novelties in legislation, and also reveals the features of the operation of legal norms regulating the sphere of public procurement of goods, works and services in conditions of a state of emergency and quarantine measures. The adoption of special measures by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan made it possible to transfer financial and economic relations in the state to a new format – "customer-supplier". The measures taken by the government have now been extended until the end of 2020. These measures on the part of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan made it possible to introduce a sparing legal regime for regulating this area for representatives of medium and small businesses, in order to minimize the losses of the latter arising against the background of the introduction of a state of emergency and quarantine measures. Taking into account the analysis of judicial practice in the consideration of cases on public procurement, the author emphasizes that in conditions of quarantine measures in Kazakhstan, as a rule, there are violations of the same type, both on the part of customers and on the part of suppliers.

Year of release: 2020
Number of the journal: 3(79)
Heading: Law

Comparative analysis of set expressions with the zoonymic component of "dog" in English and Kazakh languages
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ing the image of a dog. The purpose of this study is to consider the national and cultural specifics, reflected in the stable expressions of the English and Kazakh languages with the "dog" component. The article provides a brief overview of works related to the issues of phraseology in English and Kazakh. The work was based on general scientific methods: induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. The work with the collected card index of stable expressions was carried out by the method of continuous sampling, using the descriptive-analytical method. An important place in the work with the material was given to the Вестник Инновационного Евразийского университета. 2020. № 4 ISSN 1729-536X 17 methods of definitional, contextual and typological analysis. Using the comparative-comparative method, national-specific and universal features of zoonyms in English and Kazakh languages were determined. The material of the research was a card index of phraseological units of the English and Kazakh languages (more than 160 units) which were selected using the method of continuous sampling from phraseological dictionaries of the English and Kazakh languages. When analyzing the authors of the article relied on materials from phraseological dictionaries in English and Kazakh languages. In the course of the analysis, groups of phraseological units were identified and their differences and similarities in the compared languages were identified, as well as their national and cultural specificity, based on the action of universal cultural codes; the national and cultural specificity of zoonyms is determined by a number of extralinguistic factors: the location of the country, the living conditions of the people, their customs and traditions, history, religion and socio-political structure. All this secures national-specific connotation to zoonyms and determines their productivity. The results of the study showed that through the prism of axiology, an analysis of English and Kazakh stable combinations with the "dog" component, reflecting the paradigm of values (general cultural and national-cultural) and anti-values of the corresponding ethnic communities, was presented, as well as universal values representing at the intercultural level. The results of the study showed that through the prism of axiology, the analysis reflects the paradigm of values (general cultural and national-cultural) and anti-values of the corresponding ethnic communities. The research results have both theoretical and practical significance; it will be additional material for elective courses on the subject of "Lexicology" taught at the faculties of philology and foreign languages in higher educational institutions.

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Heading: Humanities

Labour migration and forced labour in the context of economic integration: new challenges and realities: statement of the problem Annotation
Annotation:

Annotation Main problem:The main idea of this study is the development of proposals for improving the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the regulatory framework of the Eurasian Economic Union, taking into account the experience of the EuropeanUnion countries (as the largest integration association), towards the further development of the legal framework for cooperation in the social-labor sphere, as well as improving the integration and migration policy of the Eurasian Economic Union countries in general, and the Republic of Kazakhstan, in particular. In addition, this study intends to develop practical recommendations aimed at improving the activities of the law enforcement agencies of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the EAEU countries, in the field of combating illegal migration and forced labor on the territory of this integration association. Moreover, this project suggests the legal promotion of the results obtained, both on the territory of the EAEU and beyond. Purpose: The aim of the study. To develop proposals for improving the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the EAEU countries in the field of legal regulation of labour migration and counteracting its negative consequences such as illegal migration, forced labour in the territory of this integration association. Methods: The methodological basis of the study is made up of traditional general scientific and special legal methods used in comparative jurisprudence: system-structural, historical-legal, social-legal and comparative-legal. Results and their significance:All of the above testifies to the relevance and necessity of research in the framework of this study, since its implementation, taking into account the expected results, will further improve the regulatory framework in the field of combating illegal migration, human trafficking and other illegal manifestations resulting from insufficient regulation of the labour migration sphere.

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Heading: Law

Tactical features of the use of special expertise in the investigation of human trafficking
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Main problem: This study is devoted to the study of the problems of using special expertise in the investigation of crimes related to human trafficking. The use of specialized expertise is an integral element in the system of investigative actions carried out in cases of human trafficking. In this study, the authors consider the features of the production of forensic examinations in the investigation of crimes related to human trafficking in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the study, the authors consider the most typical types of forensic examinations that are conducted in criminal cases of human trafficking. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, as well as the survey of practitioners engaged in the fight against human trafficking and the analysis of criminal cases of human trafficking, practical recommendations for criminal prosecution authorities on the most effective conduct of forensic examinations in criminal cases of this category are proposed. The purpose of this study: to study the tactical features of the production of forensic examinations in the investigation of human trafficking, as well as the features of the use of special expertise. Methods: The methodological basis of this study is the dialectical method of cognition of social and legal phenomena, as well as system-structural, comparative-legal, logical-theoretical and private scientific methods of study. To achieve the objectivity of the research results, these methods were applied comprehensively. Results and their significance: The use of forensic expertise in the investigation of human trafficking is essential for the detection and investigation of these crimes. The study notes that the following types of forensic examinations are among the most common in the investigation of this category of criminal cases: medical examination, biological examination, handwriting examination, phonoscopic examination and odorological examination. The subject of the investigation must carefully understand the tactical features of the production of certain forensic examinations. The practical recommendations proposed by the authors of the study on the appointment and production of forensic examinations considered in the study are important for the successful investigation of the facts of human trafficking, but at the same time they have a recommendatory value and can be modified taking into account the specifics of a particular criminal case.

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Heading: Law

Features of teaching physics in English in secondary school
Annotation:

This article reveals the essence of teaching the disciplines of the natural science cycle in English in high school. When preparing for the lesson, there is a need for careful selection of educational material, the teacher thinks out a specific algorithm for working with the text in a foreign language using subject terminology, while not forgetting the basic grammatical and syntactic models characteristic of the English language. In such a language environment, foreign speakers actively acquire solid knowledge, eliminating language difficulties in professionally-oriented lessons. Given this problem, we decided to create a methodological guide for teachers, which will contain tasks for formative assessment in physics lessons in English. Its lexical and grammatical material meets the requirements for mastering the English language (B1) in educational and cognitive activities. The presented progress tests also meet all the requirements of the corresponding stage of training of non-native speakers and help to consolidate the skills of professionally oriented communication. The purpose is to reveal some principles that should be taken into account when preparing assignments for physics lessons in English, as well as to provide a methodological guide for teachers. This article shows several principles that are most effective when conducting lessons. All the data of the article was confirmed by a computer survey of students, the answers were analyzed and collected for publication. Given the results we have presented, secondary school teachers can improve the quality of the material provided, as well as spend less time preparing for lessons. Physics is one of the fundamental sciences that can combine both the subject content and the language component. Here we present various methods of subject-language integration to improve communication skills. Thus, the preparation and conduct of physics lessons in English requires a strict and careful selection of educational material and takes into account the educational profile of secondary school students.

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Risks of microbiological contamination of fruits and vegetables used for food
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Fruits and vegetables are most often consumed without being thoroughly processed before consumption. Some plant foods are vacuum-packed to ensure long shelf life as well as preserving the quality and safety of the product. Fruits and vegetables carry naturally occurring non-pathogenic epiphytic microflora on their surfaces. During growth, harvesting, transport and further handling they can be repeatedly contaminated by pathogens from human or animal sources. Fresh fruit crops have been implicated in a number of documented foodborne disease outbreaks. Outbreaks of diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and parasites have been epidemiologically linked to the consumption of a wide range of fruits and vegetables. The aim of our study is to assess the risk of contamination in fruit and berry crops and how to address this long-standing problem, namely, contamination of fruit and vegetables with unnatural pathogenic microflora. The following fruit and berry crops common in Turkestan region were chosen for the experiment: Apple variety Suislepskoe (stolovka) , peach variety Nectarine and grape variety Kishmish. Bacteriological inoculation was carried out by membrane filtration of used sterile water to obtain flushes from the surface of fruit crops. All work was carried out under full aseptic conditions. The utensils, water and other equipment used in the work were sterilised in advance. The data obtained during the experiment shows that there is a potential for widespread contamination of uncharacteristic microflora of plant products. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that there are yeasts and acetic acid bacteria on the surface of all three samples of fruit and berry crops, which can be universally contaminated food and are not the natural microflora for the above mentioned crops. Specifically, fruits and vegetables can be contaminated with various bacterial pathogens, including Salmonella, Shigella, E. Coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Campylobacter.

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The place of concept «mafhum al-muhalafa» in the methodology of islamic law
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The article examines in detail the role of the concept of al-muhalafa in making judgments from religious texts and other legal grounds. In addition, a comparative analysis of the legal and linguistic principles and features of the Hanafi and Mutakallim schools of Islamic law, as well as issues of disagreement between the two movements, will be considered. There is much debate among scholars as to whether Mafhum al-Muqhalafa is accepted as evidence. Even Abdul Aziz Bukhari said: "This issue occupies a large place in the science of jurisprudence," he said. That is, below we answer the question of how much influence the evidence from this principle has on the verdict and whether these sentences are legitimate. The principle of Mafhum al-Mukhalafa is not accepted as evidence in the Hanafi Madhhab, and the ruling resulting from it is invalid. This is because the concept of al-muhalaf is to render a verdict that contradicts the verdict in the text (Amidi), confirming a verdict that is not in the text, that is, according to Abu Hanifa, the verdict in the text and the verdict that does not appear in the text are not equal. However, in schools other than Hanafi schools, this principle fully applies. The authors used the method of comparative analysis of the Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet, which are the basis of Islam, to prove your point Some scholars of the Hanafi Madhhab do not completely refute this principle. It is unacceptable to judge by this principle only by Sharia texts, but in everyday life, in communication with people, the concept of al-muhalaf is accepted as proof. Ibn al-Humam reports that the Hanafis do not recognize the concept of al-muhalyaf as proof only in Sharia texts. Therefore, scientists are divided into two main groups regarding the application of this principle as evidence, and each group has its own strong arguments, which are discussed in detail in the second part of the article.

Year of release: 2022
Number of the journal: 1(85)

Traditional and innovative methods of teaching a foreign language in primary school
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The article compares modern and traditional pedagogical methods used in the process of teaching a foreign language in primary school, differentiates both the advantages and disadvantages of each of them, and indicates ways to supplement the shortcomings of traditional methods with new methods. Currently, the main methods used in teaching a foreign language are being considered. Among the new innovative methods that have recently appeared in the sphere of teaching foreign languages there are community language learning / counseling learning, the sugestopedic method, total physical response, the method of language teaching using information and communication technologies, consciousness-raising approach, task based learning, neuro- linguistic programming, guided discovery, the test-teach-test method. Their influence on the development of language competencies and creative abilities of primary school students are considered. The authors note that the main and most important condition of modern methodology in the process of teaching foreign languages is the creation of an artificial foreign language environment, i.e. the creation of a natural linguistic environment. The authors comment on the concept of "electronic linguistic environment" based on recent research. They show that "digital" children are completely immersed in the computer world, i.e. they live in an electronic linguistic environment and this allows them to solve the tasks of teaching a foreign language. The purpose of the article is to analyze traditional and modern educational methods used in modern English lessons. Activation of the student as the main figure of the educational process, the ability to work in close contact with other students, giving the student the opportunity to work independently, depending on their physiological, intellectual, psychological characteristics, is carried out using individual, paired, group, classroom and other forms of work. Both traditional methods and the latest modern methods are listed among the named teaching methods. Each method has its own characteristics. Therefore, it is very important to consider them in a comparative plan. Each old and new method has its advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the methodology of teaching English always requires additions and improvements. They are of great importance for expanding the horizons of students, increasing cognitive activity, improving knowledge, skills and language competencies. The authors used the following methods: the descriptive methods, methods of systematization, analysis, interpretation were used in the course of the study. Тhe authors of the article note that methods of teaching a foreign language are of great importance for the comprehensive development of primary school students, obtaining high-quality education, good command of English, achieving good vital indicators, conclude that every teacher should be able to use best practices, developing their creative research and effectively teaching modern English. The results of learning through new methods, such as differentiated learning, project-based learning, communicative learning, information and communication training, etc., providing the formation of personality, its language competencies, will undoubtedly contribute to the independent development of the child, the formation of his language competence, the development of cognitive, creative abilities of students.

Year of release: 2022
Number of the journal: 1(85)

Foreign experience in the provision of social services
Annotation:

In the implementation of social policy, the most common practice in foreign countries is the payment of a part of the cost of the service by the recipients of social services. However, this decision raises some doubts. After all, these services are for members of the public who are unable to take care of themselves and generally cannot earn a living. On the other hand, when the state bears the costs, there is a risk of overconsumption. The decision on the extent to which a beneficiary of a social care service should share in the costs of social services depends on a variety of factors: criteria for social justice in the country and perceptions of social justice (for example, public opinion about whether unpaid social care services should be provided to all or only the poor), from a group of people in need of social care (social care services for children from social risk groups, especially for people with severe disabilities, are usually free of charge), from the economic ability of the state to provide free social services, etc. The purpose is to study the positive foreign experience in the provision of social services in modern conditions. Determine the role of the state as the dominant body in the implementation of social policy. The study is based on the principles of a systematic approach. Also, when writing the article, the dialectical method of cognition, the methods of scientific generalization and classification, the method of comparative analysis were used. Systematization and generalization of foreign experience in the provision of social services, taking into account the definition of its main goals and objectives, show that the changes taking place in the field of social protection in developed countries over the past two decades already indicate that the model of organizing social assistance, based on the dominance of market relations, operates in many countries. Under the hierarchical model, the organization of social services is based on a vertical division of responsibility and state functions, and the state has a monopoly on providing social care services and funding state or non-state care institutions. However, in recent decades, social assistance services have already been purchased from market participants and funded not by the state, but by the person in need of social assistance. However, such a market is not pure, since the state is involved in both the purchase and pricing of the service.

Year of release: 2022
Number of the journal: 1(85)

The place and role of the teacher in the system of activities
Annotation:

The ideas of accelerated disclosure of the spiritual, intellectual and professional potential of a person have always been occupied by scientists and teachers (Ya.A. Komensky, K.D. Ushinsky, V.A. Sukhomlinsky, Ya. Korchak, A.S. Makarenko, A. Kunanbayev, Y. Altynsarin and others). Modern innovative teachers are guided by a personality-oriented approach, the ideas of subject-subject relations, and generational cooperation. Georgian teacher Sh. A. Amonashvili wrote: «humanitarian pedagogy perceives the child by his nature. He sees the infinity of the child, understands his cosmic quality and prepares him for the service of humanity throughout his life. It establishes the personality of the child through the determination of his will and builds pedagogical systems, the procedural of which predetermines love, optimism and high spiritual morality. Humanitarian pedagogical thinking seeks to take on something enormous, and this is the power of educational systems and processes that have arisen in its bowels». In order to realize the value of self-disclosure of innovative abilities of students, ensuring the role of a teacher, it is necessary to recognize the intellectual reflexive mechanism of a person as the main subject of Education. The purpose of the article is to identify innovative methods and models of pedagogical activity for the cultivation of innovative abilities of students, which determine the development of the country. The study used methods such as analysis, generalization, synthesis, modeling of scientific sources.

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Theoretical Basis of Training of Pedagogues and Psychologists for the Development of Cognitive Activity of Teenagers
Annotation:

The main problem: the current directions of its development are determined in the article by conducting a theoretical analysis of philosophical, pedagogical, psychological, scientific and methodical works on the training of specialists for the development of the cognitive activity of teenagers. Currently, it is shown that the training of specialists in the development of cognitive activity of teenagers is a pedagogical and psychological problem. Purpose: to clarify the theory and propose a technology for the training of pedagogical and psychological specialists for the development of the cognitive activity of adolescents. Methods: When conducting the research, it was important to take into account statistical data that were sufficiently understandable and reliable. Therefore, in the framework of our research, we used the methodology of B. E. Milman, survey, method of expert evaluation, conversation, questionnaire, interview, series of tests, which include observation and open questions. The results and their significance: according to the results, the methodological predominance of the average level of social intelligence allowed students to see the following signs: the social significance of professional behavior, actions, relationships, full mastery of theoretical knowledge. During the course, we believe that the existence of a reflexive culture, which is evidenced by the improvement of communication in everyday life, in turn, is very valuable. Development of thinking, training and education of future teachers-psychologists, preparation for creative activity depend on methodological competence, qualifications and training of the teacher in the organization of research activities. Self-learning needs and skills do not arise by themselves. Such qualities begin to be formed in the process of organizing educational activities during the joint work of teachers and students in and out of class, even during school. In accordance with the tasks of the professional training of the future pedagogue-psychologist, active methods of training - problem-based lectures, seminars, debates and discussions, professional-oriented special courses, course and diploma works, scientific studies of school pedagogy and didactics, educational events such as scientifically organized forms of continuous pedagogical practice. As a result of mastering pedagogical activity, professional motivation of future pedagogical-psychological specialists is formed, understanding of goals and tasks, subject, psychological-pedagogical and didactic-methodical knowledge is developed, as well as relevant skills and abilities necessary for the development of cognitive activity of teenagers.

Year of release: 2024
Number of the journal: 1(93)