This article discusses the evaluation of the effectiveness of disinfectants «Dezosteril» and its derivatives and analogues in the fight against tuberculosis. The emergence of tuberculosis and its pathogens. Namely, «to Dezosteril» and its derivatives produced on the territory of «BO-NA» of Pavlodar city. The main attention is paid to the types and methods of disinfection. Resistance of microorganisms to chemical disinfectants based on peracetic acid (NUK) and hydrogen peroxide.

The study of the structure of matter is one of the main tasks of chemistry. The problem can be solved with the help of graph theory, which allowed us to find an unexpected way to solve our logical problem. Thus, the aim of our article was to master the theory of graphs for constructing the structural formulas of organic compounds. Prediction of chemical reactions, the possibility of systematization and study of the essence of basic chemical concepts, such as structure, configuration of atoms and molecules, confirmation, isomerism, and, undoubtedly, the quantum-mechanical basis of the interaction of molecules, all this is possible using chemical graphs. Graph theory allows a non-standard way to approach the problem of constructing the structural formulas of molecules of organic compounds.

The sharp deterioration of the environmental situation in the Republic of Kazakhstan, associated with human activity and the impact of harmful factors on the environment, affected the quality of food consumed by insufficient consumption of domestic fruit and vegetable products containing vitamins, minerals of an alkaline nature, carbohydrates, vegetable proteins, pectin substances and active fiber. The problem of improving the quality of growing and processing fruits and vegetables is one of the main tasks of the food independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Currently, the share of large vegetable farms in the Republic of Kazakhstan is only 10%. The volume of industrial processing of fruit and vegetable crops in Kazakhstan is insignificant. The demand for domestic fruit and vegetable products in the country is met only by 35-40%, most of it is imported from countries such as Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and China. There is a need for the development of organic vegetable growing in Kazakhstan and the creation of new types of domestic fruit and vegetable products containing a sufficient amount of useful and active substances that can bind and remove toxic substances and radioactive elements from the human body. The purpose of the work is to improve the technology of fruit and vegetable semi-finished products with natural spicy and aromatic additives, to develop a multi-component recipe for vegetable mixtures and a method for producing quick-frozen vegetable mixtures with high quality indicators. These studies were aimed at studying the chemical composition and functional and technological properties of vegetables and spicy - aromatic plants for the content of biogenic compounds: carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, essential oils, minerals and other substances. The structure of plant tissues was studied and the mass fraction of moisture, dry matter, fiber, mono - and disaccharides, pectin substances, vitamin C was determined, the formulation and production technology of Assorted vegetable mixtures were developed, and quality indicators were determined.

The article is devoted to the development of a technology for obtaining organic fertilizers from poultry waste based on biocatalytic processes. Currently, many poultry farms have become sources of environmental pollution, thereby causing serious environmental problems and economic and social damage. The problem of reliable protection of the natural environment from pollution by bird droppings is currently relevant. In the area of operation of large poultry farms, air pollution by microorganisms, dust, foul-smelling organic compounds, which are decomposition products of organic waste, as well as nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon oxides, is possible. Bird droppings contain acids, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, heavy metals. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium changes dramatically depending on the quantity and quality of the feed. Humic substances isolated from brown coal have a sufficiently high sorption activity and are used as cheap sorbents for solving a number of environmental problems in industry. These studies are aimed at minimizing the main disadvantage of the anaerobic digestion process, the low reaction rate, which leads to the need to create large-volume bioreactors. On the basis of the research carried out, a technology has been developed for obtaining organic fertilizers from poultry waste by the method of anaerobic fermentation of chicken manure with humidity at a temperature of 27 °C - 50 °C with the addition of sodium humate. The resulting fertilizer is intended for use in agricultural production, horticulture, floriculture, forestry, municipalities, in household plots in order to increase the yield and quality of crop production. For the developed technology, an application has been submitted for obtaining a Patent for the invention of the Republic of Kazakhstan «Method for producing organic fertilizers» (priority No. 2021-22818, dated July 13, 2021). The invention allows to significantly reduce the time of fermentation, to enrich the product with organic and mineral products contained in sodium humate, to convert the salts of heavy metals into an insoluble state, to improve the environmental friendliness of the method.

The development of extraction techniques of medical plants aims to maximize the bioactive compounds production. Тechnologies in this area of industry have not high enough еfficiency factor. In some cases, it reaches only 40-50 %. Therefore, development of new methods to effectively extract different compounds from plant material and their input into large-scale industry is of great importance. The goal is to determine an effective and suitable technology for extracting bioactive compounds from medical plant. This is a narrative review paper which focuses on different extraction methods of medical plant. To find relevant articles for this narrative review, 73 articles were reviewed. Of these, 14 irrelevant documents were discarded. This review analyses various extraction processes to guide the selection of suitable methods for various types of medical plants and applications. This is done by outlining traditional and modern methods of extraction techniques, exploring the importance of solvents for extraction, and comparing novel and alternative methods of extraction. In conclusion, based on the current knowledge, solvent extraction is the most common method for medical plants extraction. Enzymatic hydrolysis and supercritical extraction are advanced techniques with high yield of compounds. However, more research is needed for some modern extraction methods.

There have been different approaches to the phenomenon of ellipsis in both world and modern Azerbaijani linguistics. Although ellipsis is widely studied between the sides of compound sentences, but we believe that taking the wider and more diverse evolutionary processes in composite sentences, especially in complex sentences into consideration the fact of ellipsis in these constructions needs to be studied more deeply. The article provides detailed information on the characteristics of the formation of elliptical shapes of subordinate compound sentences. As you know, a subordinate compound sentence consists of two components: a main and a subordinate sentence. The ellipsis observed in a subordinate compound sentence does not manifest itself in the form of omission of any part of a sentence as in a simple sentence, but in the context of omission of the whole mai or subordinate sentence. Although the phenomenon of ellipsis can manifest itself in both components, the article deals with the ellipse observed in the main sentence. The article also notes that the phenomenon of ellipsis is naturally more characteristic of dialogic speech. Because this event occurs not as a deliberate, pre-planned form, but as a result of the natural regularity of language. It is clear that the basis of dialogic speech is question and answer sentences. Some of the question and answer sentences, in turn, form the components of a subordinate compound sentence, forming a dialogue unit. In some dialogues with such a construction, the phenomenon of elliptism manifests itself in the question sentence and in others in the answer sentence. It also provides detailed information on the role of many factors in the emergence of this language fact, in particular, the tendency of the language to save. The article also reflects and compares the views of world linguists on the phenomenon of ellipsis. The fact of the language which is dealt with is substantiated by concrete examples.

It is known that an increase in the volume of production in any sphere of production as a consequence increases the intensity of anthropogenic impact on the environment, including the atmosphere. This problem is especially typical for oil refineries. On the one hand, this is due to the complexity of oil refining processes and the release of various hydrocarbon compounds into the atmosphere during processing. Therefore, when implementing sustainable ecological and economic development in the Azerbaijani regions that are associated with oil refining, an increase in the volume of products should not create an increase in environmental impact. This problem is considered one of the factors directly affecting the economic situation of the enterprise, as well as creating certain environmental, social and economic problems for society as a whole. The purpose is to study the possibility of using the correlation-regression method in solving the problem of determining the presence of the decapling effect. The relationship between the volume of petroleum products produced and the amount of pollutants released into the atmosphere is random and is characterized by stochastic and statistical dependence. At the same time, on the basis of a mutual comparison of the methods of correlation and regression analysis and the method of production function, the effectiveness of correlation and regression analysis is determined. The methodological basis of the work was the scientific works of scientists-economists, mathematicians providing the definition of the decoupling effect at industrial enterprises. In the presented methodology, the obtained estimates of the performed in real time vary depending on the values of the set parameter. When developing the presented methodology, the STATISTIKA software package was used. This program was developed by StatSoft. Based on the obtained and experimentally verified data, the equation of linear regression dependence is determined. During the research, it was found that in some cases it is not possible to evaluate the statistical characteristics of a random variable or it is accompanied by serious errors. Therefore, when processing data, instead of mathematical expectations and variances, we used selective mathematical expectations and variances. The analysis of the ecological and economic situation of oil refineries based on correlation and regression analysis allows us to determine the presence of the decapling effect. The obtained correlation coefficient between the volume of production oil products and the volume of emissions into the atmosphere shows that there is no statistically significant relationship between these parameters. Thus, there is an achievement of the decoupling effect between the production of petroleum products and the volume of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere.

On the territory of the Northern industrial zone of Pavlodar in the area of the industrial wastewater reservoir «Bylkyldak» in some areas of the earth there is soil contamination with mercury, exceeding the MPC for mercury (2.1 mg/kg) by 500 times. The total mass of mercury dispersed in the surface layer of soils is 2.8 tons. The mass of contaminated soil is approximately 208,000 tons. Pollution of the territory is historical. The purpose of the article is to determine the efficiency of chemical binding (immobilization) of mercury in the soil with the Japanese drug Denite® in real field conditions of the territory of mercury contamination in the Northern industrial zone of Pavlodar using an experimental study; to determine the stability of insoluble mercury compounds formed by the preparation at extreme winter and summer temperatures and seasonal fluctuations in open ground. Soil samples were taken for the study at 11 points in the centers of mercury pollution. Laboratory studies were carried out in an accredited analytical laboratory of the Testing Center of JSC Caustic. Soil samples were treated with Denite®, the preparations obtained were stabilized, and water extracts were prepared. The content of mercury in soils, extracts from them, and plants was determined by the atomic absorption method on a RA-915+ spectrometer equipped with RP-91 and RP-91S attachments. As a result of research, the effectiveness of Denite® in the chemical binding of mercury in the soil has been proven and its optimal dosages have been determined. As a result of the positive tests of the technology of chemical immobilization of mercury, the prospect of a practical solution to the issue of demercurization of mercury-contaminated soil on the territory of the Northern industrial zone appeared.

Main problem: the development of a new direction in the food industry – the so-called functional nutrition, which means the use of such products of natural origin, which, when systematically used, have a regulatory effect on the body as a whole or on its specific systems and organs, has been widely recognized all over the world: immunostimulants, biocorrectors for blood pressure, cholesterol levels, etc. When creating functional dairy products, ingredients of plant origin are increasingly included in recipes, which are sources of dietary fiber, vitamins and microelements, organic acids and other biologically active compounds, which can also serve as flavor fillers. Purpose: to develop a technology for the preparation of a fermented milk product with the addition of an extract from gourds. To do this, it was necessary: to select the amount (dose) of the yoghurt starter introduced into the prepared milk, and also to investigate the effect of temperature on the fermentation process of the drink; to investigate the amount (dose) of the vegetable filler introduced into the mixture and its effect on the organoleptic characteristics of the drink; to investigate the organoleptic properties of the drink with the melon culture extract added to it before fermentation and after fermentation; to investigate the effect of vegetable filler on the fermentation process; to investigate the effect of the dose of vegetable filler on the process of acid formation; conduct microbiological studies of milk and vegetable yogurt; to investigate the change in the acidity of milk and vegetable yogurt during storage; to investigate the effect of the freezing process on the chemical composition and biological value of the extract. Methods: when performing the practical part of the work, physicochemical, organoleptic and microbiological studies were used. Results and their significance: in the course of the study, it was concluded that by adding an extract of gourds to the technology for the preparation of fermented milk products, a new fermented milk product can be obtained that meets all physicochemical, organoleptic and microbiological requirements. As a result, an original method for the production of a fermented milk drink containing an extract from a melon culture was developed.