In the context of digitalization and changes in the labor market in the Republic of Kazakhstan, there is a need to reform the regulation of labor relations. The country faces a number of problems, such as a high level of informal employment, frequent violations of labor rights, as well as insufficient legal protection for small business workers, freelancers, and self-employed individuals. The impact of digital technologies on the labor market requires the adaptation of legislation to new forms of employment, making the regulation of labor relations a relevant issue. The goal is to study the issues of regulating labor relations in Kazakhstan in the context of digitalization, assess the impact of new technologies on the labor market, and propose ways to improve labor legislation by creating new legal norms for remote work, protecting the rights of selfemployed individuals, and introducing digital mechanisms for the protection of labor rights. A comprehensive analysis was conducted of the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, international experience in regulating labor relations in the EU, the USA, and South Korea, as well as judicial practices and statistics on labor disputes. Methods of content analysis, comparative legal analysis, and analysis of data on current labor market issues were used. The results of the study highlight the need to adapt labor legislation to current conditions, including remote work and self-employment. International labor rights protection mechanisms, such as flexible labor contracts and electronic systems for resolving labor disputes, were considered. The study proposed recommendations for improving labor legislation, including the development of new legal norms for remote work and the creation of social guarantees for self-employed individuals. The implementation of digital mechanisms for the protection of labor rights will positively affect the development of the labor market in Kazakhstan and improve the social protection of workers.