With the increase in cross-border labor mobility in the post-Soviet space, the issue of regulating the pension rights of citizens working outside their home countries is becoming increasingly relevant. This study focuses on analyzing the economic and legal transformations in the field of pension provision resulting from the entry into force of the Agreement on Pension Provision for Working Citizens of Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). This international legal act is aimed at unifying and harmonizing the standards for the formation of pension rights of citizens working in the partner states of the integration association. The purpose of the work is to draw conclusions about the need to deepen international coordination in the field of pension provision as a key factor in the social integration and sustainable development of the Eurasian Economic Space. The study used general scientific and special methods, comparative economic and systemic analyses of the pension systems of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. The work examines the mechanisms of proportional financial accounting for labor (insurance) experience and pension contributions. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of key pension models – solidarity (distributive/labor) and accumulation, each of which reflects the specifics of the socio-economic reforms of the respective countries. The author introduces the concept of “Eurasian pension” into scientific discourse, understood as the totality of pension payments formed from the funds of two or more EAEU states, depending on the length of service and pension savings accumulated in the territories of various countries of the union. Based on the analysis, recommendations are formulated for improving the mechanisms of interaction between national pension systems, aimed at strengthening social justice and ensuring long-term stability within the framework of Eurasian integration.