In the context of dynamic development of global and national economies, the need for effective enterprise resource management is increasing. Management accounting and internal audit play a key role in ensuring financial stability, risk minimization, and enhancing the transparency of business processes. The article examines the main reasons justifying the importance of implementing these tools, as well as their impact on a company's operational and strategic efficiency. To study the key aspects of management accounting and internal audit, their role in modern corporate governance systems, and to identify the benefits and risks associated with their absence. Special attention is paid to the differences between management, financial, and tax accounting. The research employed methods of comparative analysis, a systems approach, and case studies, which allowed for evaluating the practical significance of management accounting and internal audit using real-world business cases. It has been proven that the implementation of management accounting and internal audit systems improves decision-making quality, reduces financial risks, and optimizes enterprise resources. Recommendations for enhancing accounting processes have been formulated, ensuring long-term sustainability and business competitiveness. The practical value of the study is supported by concrete examples of the effective application of these tools in managerial activities.