Annotation: The article is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of legal mechanisms for the protection of children's rights in family law relations in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the modernization of state policy in the field of child protection. The relevance of the topic is determined by the persistent risks of family dysfunction, violence, and the insufficient effectiveness of preventive measures. To determine the level of effectiveness of the current system for the protection of minors’ rights and to identify directions for its improvement. The methodological basis of the research includes an analysis of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Law «On the Rights of the Child» the Code “On Marriage (Matrimony) and Family,” international treaties, as well as a generalization of judicial and administrative practice. The methods of systemic, comparative legal, and formal legal analysis were applied. It has been established that a comprehensive model for the protection of children's rights has been formed in the Republic of Kazakhstan, incorporating judicial, administrative, and preventive mechanisms. Liability for violence and bullying has been strengthened, and the institution of the Commissioner for Children’s Rights is developing. At the same time, problems have been identified, including insufficient coordination among authorities, the weak development of early prevention measures, and the limited awareness of minors about the ways to protect their rights. Increasing the effectiveness of the system is possible through strengthening interagency cooperation, developing preventive programs, and reinforcing the institution of the family as the key environment for ensuring the rights of the child.

Annotation: In the context of active digitalization of public administration in Kazakhstan, the key task is to create an effective legal framework for the implementation of e-government. This is related to the need to enhance security, protect personal data, and improve coordination between government bodies. Against the backdrop of rapid changes in digital technologies, legal regulation in the field of eservices often lags behind societal needs, creating risks for the effective functioning of the state’s digital infrastructure. The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative legal analysis of the regulations governing egovernment in Kazakhstan, identify key issues in the legal regulation of digital services, and propose solutions aimed at creating a safer and more effective legal framework. The research employs comparative legal, formal-legal, and systemic analysis methods. Key regulatory acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan governing the provision of e-services, such as laws on public services, digitalization, and personal data protection, as well as international approaches in this area, were analyzed. The study revealed that the legal framework of e-government in Kazakhstan requires improvements in data protection, standardization of e-services, and the integration of state platforms into a unified digital system. The practical significance of the work lies in the development of recommendations for improving legal regulation, which will enhance data security, accelerate the process of digitalization, and improve the accessibility of public services for citizens. Keywords: e-government, digitalization, legal regulation, data protection, Kazakhstan

Annotation: Digitalization of the Judicial System of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a Factor in Ensuring Access to Justice and Human Rights Protection Background: The key problem in implementing digital technologies into the judicial system is the need to balance technological progress with the preservation of the constitutional principles of justice. Despite significant success, risks of digital inequality, fragmented legal regulation, and ensuring the cybersecurity of participants' personal data remain. Objective: The aim of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the impact of digitalization (e-justice) on the accessibility of judicial protection in Kazakhstan, identifying current challenges, and developing recommendations for improving the regulatory framework in the context of the 2025– 2026 reforms. Methods: The study employs systemic, comparative-legal, and predictive methods, as well as an analysis of existing digital platforms ("Court Cabinet," AI analytics) and new legislative acts, including the Digital Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Results and Implications: The analysis established that digitalization has significantly expanded access to justice for residents of remote regions and persons with disabilities, and has increased the transparency of the system through automated case distribution and the implementation of AI for undisputed claims. It is proved that by 2026, the formation of a full-fledged e-justice ecosystem requires the adoption of a unified law or the codification of norms on digital processes to strengthen human rights guarantees in the digital environment.

Annotation: In the context of digital transformation in the Republic of Kazakhstan, artificial intelligence technologies are increasingly used in public administration and the private sector. Their application involves large-scale automated processing of personal data, which creates additional legal risks for the realization of constitutional rights. The current legislation does not fully take into account the specific features of algorithmic decision-making and profiling. To analyze existing legal guarantees for personal data protection in the use of artificial intelligence technologies and to identify directions for improving the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study applies formal legal analysis of regulatory acts, a systemic approach, and elements of legal modeling. It is established that the current regulatory framework provides basic guarantees for personal data protection; however, it requires clarification in the context of automated decision-making and algorithmic processing.

Annotation: The presented fundamental research is devoted to a comprehensive theoretical and practical analysis of the mechanisms for ensuring the procedural rights of individuals involved in the orbit of criminal prosecution in the status of suspects and accused within the legal system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the context of the phased implementation of a three-tier model of criminal justice, the reform of national legislation, and the total digitalization of legal proceedings, the issues of strict observance of constitutional guarantees of the individual acquire existential significance for building a state based on the rule of law. The article examines in detail the key systemic defects and collisions in the implementation of the right to qualified defense, the excessive use of repressive preventive measures, as well as barriers to accessing fair justice. Special attention is paid to a deep comparative legal analysis of the large-scale changes expected in 2025–2026 in the procedural legislation of neighboring states (the Russian Federation), which allows identifying strategic vectors for the development of regional legal doctrine and proposing scientifically sound ways to implement best practices into the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (CPC RK). Conceptual and systemic proposals are formulated for improving procedural institutions in order to ensure genuine, rather than declarative, adversarial proceedings and absolute equality of the parties in the criminal process.