Annotation: The article is devoted to the analysis of the processes of forming the investment potential of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2025 under conditions of global economic transformation. The paper раскрывает the theoretical and methodological foundations of the concept of “investment potential”, including its structural components: resource-based, labor, infrastructure, institutional, financial, and innovative. Based on up-to-date statistical data from the National Bank of Kazakhstan and the Ministry of National Economy, an analysis of the current state of the country’s investment potential is carried out. Key drivers of development are identified (rich mineral resource base, geopolitical position, digital infrastructure, integration ties), as well as systemic constraints (resource dependence, administrative barriers, shortage of qualified personnel, uneven regional development). The article examines the existing institutional mechanisms for attracting investment, including the updated regulatory framework (in particular, amendments to the Law “On Investments”), special economic zones with preferential regimes, and the practice of public-private partnerships. Priority sectoral areas of investment policy within the framework of the “Kazakhstan 2050” Strategy are defined: green energy, agro-industrial complex, digital economy, logistics, and manufacturing. The author proposes a set of measures to strengthen investment potential, including improving the regulatory environment, developing human capital, infrastructure modernization, financial support for investments, and marketing initiatives. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used, including the analysis of official statistical data, analytical reports of government bodies, and international organizations. The conclusion emphasizes that a systematic approach to the formation of investment potential is a key condition for long-term economic growth and increasing the competitiveness of Kazakhstan in the global economy

Annotation: With increasing transparency of business processes and accessibility of information, consumers (participants in education field) are turning from passive recipients of goods and services into active participants in formation of universities’ corporate policy in social responsibility’s field. This creates strong economic incentives for universities to integrate sustainability practices into their business models. Digital transformation of business processes opens up new channels of interaction between consumer and company. Digital platforms enable two–way information exchange, which allows consumers to actively express their preferences in sustainable development’s field, and universities to quickly adapt their strategies to changing societal demands. Thus, article presents conceptual model of interaction between consumers of educational sphere and universities in virtual environment that ensures effective implementation of principles of sustainable development of universities’ business processes. Growing demand for digital skills and literacy in field of sustainable development is shaping consumer preferences and corporate strategies. Purpose of this study is to develop and empirically confirm conceptual model of interaction between consumer of educational sphere and universities in digital environment that facilitates corporate adaptation of university to sustainability requirements. For comprehensive study of impact of consumers on sustainable development of universities, combined method was used, combining qualitative and quantitative methods in virtual environment, including expert research and correlation analysis of 50 Kazakhstan universities. This approach allowed authors to identify key mechanisms of influence and effectiveness factors based on expert assessments, and then quantify identified patterns in broader sample of universities. Results demonstrate statistically significant relationship between activity of virtual consumers and sustainability indicators of universities, confirming relevance of model and its predictive potential. Conclusions of research are that informed and active consumers of educational sector play transformative role in shaping sustainable business strategies in context of digitalization and evolution of labor market.

Annotation: With the increase in cross-border labor mobility in the post-Soviet space, the issue of regulating the pension rights of citizens working outside their home countries is becoming increasingly relevant. This study focuses on analyzing the economic and legal transformations in the field of pension provision resulting from the entry into force of the Agreement on Pension Provision for Working Citizens of Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). This international legal act is aimed at unifying and harmonizing the standards for the formation of pension rights of citizens working in the partner states of the integration association. The purpose of the work is to draw conclusions about the need to deepen international coordination in the field of pension provision as a key factor in the social integration and sustainable development of the Eurasian Economic Space. The study used general scientific and special methods, comparative economic and systemic analyses of the pension systems of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. The work examines the mechanisms of proportional financial accounting for labor (insurance) experience and pension contributions. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of key pension models – solidarity (distributive/labor) and accumulation, each of which reflects the specifics of the socio-economic reforms of the respective countries. The author introduces the concept of “Eurasian pension” into scientific discourse, understood as the totality of pension payments formed from the funds of two or more EAEU states, depending on the length of service and pension savings accumulated in the territories of various countries of the union. Based on the analysis, recommendations are formulated for improving the mechanisms of interaction between national pension systems, aimed at strengthening social justice and ensuring long-term stability within the framework of Eurasian integration.

Annotation: The main problem: The purpose of this article is to perform an empirical analysis of the patenting activity of Kazakhstan, concerning the participation of at least one inventor residing in Kazakhstan and to give information about procedures for Patenting. The empirical research is based on the study of patent office databases and interviews with consulting experts. The analysis showed the prevalence of domestic applicants among the sample. Foreign applicants are represented mostly by business companies. Less than a third of all applications in the sample included a woman inventor. However, the average participation rate of women is close to the average world figure. Objective: To provide a concrete analysis of the relationship between inventions and patents in Kazakhstan. Furthermore, to offer information about procedures for Patenting and exams the innovative performance in Kazakhstan. Methods: The study utilized the analysis of existing database on the official websites and some interview with consulting experts in the city of Pavlodar. Results and their significance: The research outcome is current knowledge of the relationship between research and development and patenting by companies and university research centers