Annotation: The article is devoted to the study of reading activity as a key mechanism for the formation of meaning and interpretation of a literary text. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a systematic analysis of the role of the recipient in the process of the literary work's existence, which corresponds to the modern trends in literary studies focused on receptive aesthetics and the theory of interpretation. Based on the prose of S.P. Shevchenko, the article analyzes specific forms and strategies of reader activity that allow one to move from the perception of linguistic signs to the construction of a holistic artistic picture. Special attention is paid to identifying the structural components of reading activity – cognitive, emotional, and associative – that determine the depth and nature of the author's chroniclehistorical prose. The paper examines mechanisms such as the reconstruction of historical context, ethical verification of the events described, and intertextual association, which relates to V. Iser's ideas about the "voids" of the text and the active role of the reader, as well as U. Eco's concept of the cooperative nature of interpretation. The paper distinguishes between the subjectivity of the reader's perception and the objective framework set by the poetics of chronicle narration, which allows for a description of the boundaries of acceptable interpretation. As a result of the study, the main models of interpretation of S. P. Shevchenko's prose texts are specified and typologized. It is proved that reading is not a passive act of perception, but a multi-level creative process that is integrated into the semantic structure of a work and determines the finalization of its artistic meaning.

Annotation: Employee retention in the hospitality industry is a crucial factor in maintaining service quality and business sustainability. This theoretical study aims to explore the role of career development and professional training in ensuring workforce stability in the hotel sector. The research is based on a comprehensive literature review and real-world case analysis, demonstrating that structured training programs, mentoring systems, and career planning initiatives contribute significantly to employee engagement and reduce staff turnover. The scientific value of this paper lies in its theoretical justification of implementing continuous career development as a strategic tool in human resource management. The findings highlight that a comprehensive approach to employee learning and growth leads to increased job satisfaction and long-term organizational commitment. The practical relevance of the study is evident in its potential to inform HR strategies within hotel organizations, particularly amid growing challenges related to staff shortages. The paper offers evidence-based recommendations for enhancing personnel stability through tailored learning systems and career progression pathways, which can be directly applied to improve operational efficiency and employee loyalty.

Annotation: The article provides a comprehensive study of the idiostyle and linguistic personality of Saken Seifullin as key factors in the formation of the national style of Kazakh literature in the 20th century. Based on an anthropocentric approach, the article reveals the multi-layered structure of the writer's idiostyle, which includes the lexical-semantic level, conceptual dominants, and pragmatic strategies of text generation. Special attention is paid to the ethnocultural origins of S. Seifullin's figurative system, which reflect the traditional worldview of the Kazakhs and the specifics of the steppe cultural space. The author analyzes the use of folklore elements, ethnographic vocabulary, symbols, mythopoetic images, and paremiological models, which provide a nationally marked poetics in his works. The work traces the interaction of folklore tradition and modernization trends, which allowed S. Seifullin to create an original artistic and linguistic system and make a significant contribution to the standardization of the literary language. The writer's role in shaping a new conceptual sphere of Kazakh literature based on the synthesis of cultural constants (el, zher, erkindik, enbek) and ideas of social renewal is revealed. It has been shown that S. Seifullin's idiostyle is an important link in the process of the formation of Kazakh literary speech, and his activities contributed to the strengthening of cultural and linguistic identity and the formation of stable figurative models of the national style. The article is of interest to researchers in the fields of linguistics, literary studies, ethnolinguistics, and cultural studies, and can also be used in educational practice when studying the history of the Kazakh language and literature.

Annotation: This article examines the political situation in the Ili region during the 18th–19th centuries. Since the second half of the 18th century, the Ili region became part of the Qing Empire, leading to the establishment of a complex military and administrative system. The study analyzes the formation of this system and the region’s strategic significance. To secure the Ili territory, the Qing authorities stationed troops composed of various ethnic groups and implemented strict border control and internal settlement policies. The main objective of the study is to explore the political, ethnic, and militaryadministrative history of the Ili region in the 18th–19th centuries and to reveal the influence and settlement processes of the Kazakh population in the area. Research methods include: historicalchronological method for systematizing the socio-political history of the region by stages; source analysis based on archival materials, statistical data from the Russian Empire, Qing imperial records, and official reports; comparative analysis utilizing studies by scholars from Kazakhstan, Russia, China, Europe, and the United States; archival and documentary method for analyzing written accounts about the Ili region; statistical analysis to examine ethnic composition, the ratio of sedentary to nomadic populations, and the quantitative characteristics of migration processes. The main tasks include describing the historical-geopolitical situation of the Ili region; clarifying the military and administrative structures of the Qing Empire in the area; identifying the causes and stages of Kazakh migration to Ili (1830–1871); characterizing the establishment, ethnic composition, and socio-political structure of the Ili Sultanate; and analyzing the agreements between the Russian and Qing empires concerning the sale and transfer of the Ili territory. The research findings show that the historical development of the Ili region from the fall of the Dzungar Khanate to the Qing colonial policy represents a significant stage in Central Asian history. Archival and documentary sources reveal the creation of the Ili General-Governorship, its administrative system, methods of governance, and colonial policies. The study also highlights the political and ethnic aspects of Kazakh and Kyrgyz resettlement in the region. The article was prepared within the framework of the Targeted Financing Program of theMinistry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan “Multilateralcooperation between Central Asia and China: from the early stages of interaction to strategicpartnership” IRN: BR24993008.