Constitutional guarantees of the legal status of individuals and citizens in the Republic of Kazakhstan, despite the presence of formal legal norms, face challenges in their implementation in real practice. The main difficulties lie in the imperfection of law enforcement practices, insufficient legal awareness among the population, as well as limitations arising from the political situation and institutional barriers. The aim of the study is to analyze the current constitutional guarantees of the legal status of individuals and citizens in Kazakhstan, identify existing problems in their implementation, and propose ways to improve the human rights situation in the country. The research employed an analysis of legal and normative acts, such as the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as international human rights documents. The methodological basis of the study is the comparative legal method to analyze international practice and normative-legal analysis of Kazakhstan's current legislation. Sociological research was also used to analyze the perception of citizens' rights and freedoms in real life. The results of the study showed that, despite the presence of a broad range of rights and freedoms enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan, there are significant issues with their implementation in practice. The main issues include the imperfection of law enforcement practices, insufficient legal awareness of citizens, and the limited effectiveness of human rights bodies, such as the Ombudsman. It was also found that the political situation in the country affects freedom of expression and civic participation, limiting the full realization of citizens' rights. These results highlight the importance of improving the human rights protection system and the mechanism for implementing rights and freedoms. Enhancing legal literacy among the population, improving law enforcement practices, and strengthening institutional work in the field of human rights protection are essential steps for improving the legal protection of citizens in Kazakhstan. The importance of these results lies in the fact that they not only help understand the existing problems but also suggest ways to resolve them, which will contribute to improving the legal status of individuals and citizens in the country and increasing citizens' trust in state institutions.