Annotation: In the context of digital transformation in the Republic of Kazakhstan, artificial intelligence technologies are increasingly used in public administration and the private sector. Their application involves large-scale automated processing of personal data, which creates additional legal risks for the realization of constitutional rights. The current legislation does not fully take into account the specific features of algorithmic decision-making and profiling. To analyze existing legal guarantees for personal data protection in the use of artificial intelligence technologies and to identify directions for improving the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study applies formal legal analysis of regulatory acts, a systemic approach, and elements of legal modeling. It is established that the current regulatory framework provides basic guarantees for personal data protection; however, it requires clarification in the context of automated decision-making and algorithmic processing.

Annotation: The presented fundamental research is devoted to a comprehensive theoretical and practical analysis of the mechanisms for ensuring the procedural rights of individuals involved in the orbit of criminal prosecution in the status of suspects and accused within the legal system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the context of the phased implementation of a three-tier model of criminal justice, the reform of national legislation, and the total digitalization of legal proceedings, the issues of strict observance of constitutional guarantees of the individual acquire existential significance for building a state based on the rule of law. The article examines in detail the key systemic defects and collisions in the implementation of the right to qualified defense, the excessive use of repressive preventive measures, as well as barriers to accessing fair justice. Special attention is paid to a deep comparative legal analysis of the large-scale changes expected in 2025–2026 in the procedural legislation of neighboring states (the Russian Federation), which allows identifying strategic vectors for the development of regional legal doctrine and proposing scientifically sound ways to implement best practices into the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (CPC RK). Conceptual and systemic proposals are formulated for improving procedural institutions in order to ensure genuine, rather than declarative, adversarial proceedings and absolute equality of the parties in the criminal process.

Annotation: The digital transformation of the education system is accompanied by the active introduction of artificial intelligence technologies into the educational environment. Intelligent digital systems are used to analyze educational data, personalize learning, and optimize the educational process. At the same time, their application requires consideration of the psychological characteristics of learners and the pedagogical conditions of the functioning of the digital educational environment. In this regard, the study of psychological and pedagogical factors ensuring the effective use of artificial intelligence technologies in educational practice becomes particularly relevant. The purpose of the study is to identify and substantiate the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the effective use of artificial intelligence technologies in the digital educational environment. Materials and methods. The study employed methods of analysis of scientific literature, generalization of domestic and international experience in the implementation of intelligent educational systems, as well as analysis of practices of using digital platforms and elements of artificial intelligence in the university’s digital educational environment. Results. The study identified psychological and pedagogical conditions that ensure the effective application of artificial intelligence technologies in the educational process. These include the digital competence of teachers and students, pedagogical integration of intelligent systems into the structure of learning activities, adaptation of educational content, and the formation of a psychologically supportive digital educational environment. The role of intelligent systems in increasing students’ cognitive activity, developing their independence, and optimizing educational interaction in the digital environment has been substantiated. Conclusion. The obtained results clarify scientific ideas about the possibilities of using artificial intelligence technologies in education and can be used in the development of models of the digital educational environment, as well as in the organization of psychological and pedagogical support for students in the context of the digitalization of education.

Annotation: The main problem of the study lies in the fact that the implementation of inclusion principles in the educational environment is hindered by the insufficient preparedness of teachers, lack of resources, and inadequate adaptation of the learning environment to the needs of children with special educational needs (SEN). The purpose of the article is to identify the main challenges in introducing inclusive practices and to outline the prospects for their further development in educational organizations. Research methods include theoretical analysis of literature and regulatory documents, comparative analysis of inclusive education practices, and synthesis of existing experience. The results obtained reveal key barriers to implementing inclusion and identify promising directions for its development, including improving teacher qualifications, enhancing learning conditions, and expanding support for children with SEN. The practical significance of the study is that its findings can be used to improve the educational environment, develop teacher training programs, and introduce effective inclusive practices in schools.

Annotation: Main Problem: Modern schools face the challenge of balancing globalization with the preservation of national identity. High school students are increasingly exposed to diverse cultural influences, which can weaken their sense of national dignity and belonging. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze how school culture can be transformed to strengthen the formation of national dignity among high school students. Specifically, it seeks to: Identify the cultural and educational factors influencing students’ sense of national dignit Method: .Analysis of theoretical works on school culture, civic education, and national identity. Survey and Interviews: Collection of data from teachers, students, and parents regarding perceptions of national dignity.Case Studies: Observation of schools implementing cultural and patriotic programs.Content Analysis: Review of curricula, extracurricular activities, and school policies related to national identity. Resultsand their significance: School culture significantly influences the development of national dignity among students. Programs that integrate cultural heritage, language, and traditions into daily school life foster stronger civic identity. Students exposed to inclusive and value-oriented school environments demonstrate higher levels of respect for national symbols and traditions. Teacher training and parental involvement are critical factors in sustaining this transformation.

Annotation: This article examines the psychological and pedagogical features of winter swimming (morzhovanie) in the extreme climatic conditions of the Pavlodar Irtysh region. Pavlodar Irtysh is characterized by a harsh, sharply continental climate, which many consider a risk factor. The problem of strengthening the health of the population in regions with severe climatic conditions remains highly relevant in the modern scientific and applied agenda. Northern regions of Kazakhstan are characterized by long winter periods, significant negative air temperatures, and pronounced wind activity. Prolonged exposure to cold is traditionally considered an unfavorable environmental factor, increasing the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. At the same time, in recent years there has been a stable increase in interest in natural methods of hardening the body. One of the most radical and controversial methods is winter swimming (morzhovanie) – a short-term immersion in water with a temperature close to zero during the winter period. Objective: To scientifically justify the features of morzhovanie in the conditions of the Pavlodar Irtysh region and determine its effect on the human body, taking into account regional specifics. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to characterize the climatic features of the region, analyze the physiological responses of the body to cold stress, identify potential benefits and risks of winter swimming, and determine the social significance of this movement. Methods: Theoretical methods, clinical-physiological methods, psychophysiological methods, pedagogical and sociological methods, experimental methods (questionnaire, observation, and expert interviews).