The development of the oil refinery is directly related to the peculiarities of the socioeconomic environment, which is determined largely by the favorable conditions of activity of all branches of economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, a stable regulatory processes of all normative -legal framework of implementation of market reforms and efficiency of making management and innovative solutions in the oil refining industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Currently, a lot of efforts are being made to scale modernization of all production processes, as well as modernization of equipment of the oil refining complex of the country

This article discusses the analysis of the real estate market in Pavlodar, including the analysis of transactions in real estate, price comparisons for the first half of 2011 to 2012.

In given article features of working out the user's guide for the software «The salary and employees» are considered. The author studied appointment and user's guide structure.

The results of analysis of catches with stationary nets made from 2010 to 2012 in the North Absheron Gulf of the Caspian Sea have been presented. 26 species of fish belonging to 8 families (16 marine species, 10 migratory and semi-migratory species ) is registered in the catches. There are data distribution and abundance of each species for all of the families are summarized. The tendency of expansion of areals of marine species (Alosa braschnikowi kisselewitschi, A.b.sarensis) to the north is registered.

This paper evaluated the governance of the social sphere of the Pavlodar region. Based on the analysis of the main social indicators, identified the strengths and weaknesses of the region in this area, as well as identify opportunities and threats that affect the development of the region as a whole. In a changing social and economic relations, the issues related management and development of a regional social complex. Their decision depends not only on the success of social reform, but also the normalization of the socio-political situation in Kazakhstan.

The approach which was proposed earlier for composite materials strength prediction using contact angle measurements was applied for graphite laminated materials. It was shown that the calculation of the work of adhesion to polar and non-polar model liquids can be applied to the choice of polymer binder.

In this article, the conditions of invalidity of legal transactions and the consequences prescribed by the law are considered.

In this article, the main directions and measures of the state support of monotowns in Kazakhstan aimed at providing their sustainable development are considered. The urgency of the topic is substantiated by the fact that there is intensification of negative socioeconomic tendencies in the majority of monotowns. Authors have specified concept of the monotown, their classification and typological characteristics are considered. Consider the statement by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan single-industry towns development program, its basic concepts and elements. Also consider tools monocities diversification of the economy, the use of them in order to create conditions for the achievement of a stable socio-economic situation.

The article describes the process of producing callus cells from medicinal plants that are found in Kazakhstan. During the experiments, suitable external factors and optimal growth media for callus were identified.

This article discusses the methodology for assessing the education system of the Republic of Kazakhstan using international tools and government programs that are currently in operation, as well as the causes and consequences of measures aimed at improving the indicators and results of the transformation of the education system. The mechanisms of creating an independent education system as a public institution are considered

This article discusses the problems of the participation of initiative groups of citizens in creating a favorable atmosphere in the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the causes and consequences of these activities, discusses and suggests ways to create a sustainable, self-sustaining system of youth entrepreneurship as a socio-economic institution.

Main problem: The literature on regional entrepreneurship tends to neglect interregional human capital flows, and yet spatial mobility provides emerging entrepreneurs with knowledge and networks in different locations to exploit entrepreneurial opportunities. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between mobility and entrepreneurship. Methods: Examined how multidisciplinary experience and non-local knowledge provide migrants with the desire for opportunity-based entrepreneurship. The connection between the regional environment and entrepreneurial motives based on opportunities for people with and without spatial mobility is shown. The analysis of data from a survey of labor force dynamics is presented, which compares the characteristics and driving forces of entrepreneurial motives of migrants and local residents. A survey has been conducted that indicates a higher prevalence of opportunity-based entrepreneurship among migrant entrepreneurs compared to their local counterparts. Official Kazakh statistics do not take into account the impact of internal migrants on the development of the economy and welfare of the region to which they moved. Results and their relevance: Based on the analysis and survey, it was found that the experience of spatial mobility significantly increases the likelihood of entering an opportunity-based business. The regional environment influences the entrepreneurial motives of migrants and non-migrants, but in different ways. Local entrepreneurs are more affected by the endogenous nature of the firm, while migrant entrepreneurs start businesses based on both local needs and external linkages with wider market areas. The regional environment influences the entrepreneurial motives of migrants and non-migrants, but the experience of spatial mobility significantly increases the likelihood of starting a business based on the opportunities of migrants.

When solving project tasks, it is necessary to take into account the maximum number of possible solutions that contribute to the efficiency of the object. When analyzing the activity of multifunctional objects, such solutions are all the more important, since they allow, taking into account the specific features of the object, to make the most rational design decision, especially if these solutions are associated with the ability to solve environmental and energy-efficient problems. The decisions made can take into account both the operation of the object itself and the infrastructure that provides the solution with the necessary engineering solutions. The most difficult thing in making project decisions is to systematize the studied situations and analyze informative sources. Systematization of methods of pre-project analysis, generalization of the experience of project work on the example of designing a roadside service object. Wepropose forms that facilitate the structuring of information sources, as well as logical tables that give an idea of the specifics of the choice of positions and directions that allows quickly come to an understanding of how to implement project tasks. Awareness of the methods that allow organizing the logic and sequence of design processes in design and architectural design allows the author to identify the most important problems from his point of view and fit them into the range of design tasks. The search for answers to these problems is formed by ways of structuring information and displaying it in pictorial structures, where the word takes on the meaning of a specific symbol, in a chain of connections that determine the understanding of the integral process of functioning of the future object, taking into account all aspects of its activity.

Main problem: In the 18th century, when industrial production began, the use of steam and mechanized production caused major changes in the economy. As a result, production costs decreased along with an increase in the quantity and quality of products. During this period, production underwent a revolutionary transition from manual labor to mechanization. The potential impact of Industry 4.0 on labor markets remains an under-explored scientific field. It is estimated that Industry 4.0 will lead to unemployment by changing the employment structure and will bring new structural problems in terms of unemployment and labor relations. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish the impact of Industry 4.0 on the labor market and identify the consequences of the impact. Methods: studied, the evolution of production development, when mass production with electricity led to the Age of Industry 2.0, and then the emergence of the digital revolution, the use of electronics and information technology in production processes, marked the beginning of the Age of Industry 3.0. It is expected, according to international experts, scientists, that automation and robotic production will have a serious impact on the unskilled workforce and cause a critical reduction in the labor force of vulnerable sectors of society, that is, women, migrants, youth and the elderly. Results and their significance: This study assessed the possible impact of the fourth industrial revolution on labor markets. Through a literature review and analysis of emerging trends in Industry 4.0, the risks, opportunities and challenges of the process are explored in a comparative perspective. It has been established that countries must correctly perceive the transformation of labor markets and take appropriate measures. Otherwise, the applied labor-based low-cost industrialization model will lose its comparative advantage

Fruits and vegetables are most often consumed without being thoroughly processed before consumption. Some plant foods are vacuum-packed to ensure long shelf life as well as preserving the quality and safety of the product. Fruits and vegetables carry naturally occurring non-pathogenic epiphytic microflora on their surfaces. During growth, harvesting, transport and further handling they can be repeatedly contaminated by pathogens from human or animal sources. Fresh fruit crops have been implicated in a number of documented foodborne disease outbreaks. Outbreaks of diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and parasites have been epidemiologically linked to the consumption of a wide range of fruits and vegetables. The aim of our study is to assess the risk of contamination in fruit and berry crops and how to address this long-standing problem, namely, contamination of fruit and vegetables with unnatural pathogenic microflora. The following fruit and berry crops common in Turkestan region were chosen for the experiment: Apple variety Suislepskoe (stolovka) , peach variety Nectarine and grape variety Kishmish. Bacteriological inoculation was carried out by membrane filtration of used sterile water to obtain flushes from the surface of fruit crops. All work was carried out under full aseptic conditions. The utensils, water and other equipment used in the work were sterilised in advance. The data obtained during the experiment shows that there is a potential for widespread contamination of uncharacteristic microflora of plant products. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that there are yeasts and acetic acid bacteria on the surface of all three samples of fruit and berry crops, which can be universally contaminated food and are not the natural microflora for the above mentioned crops. Specifically, fruits and vegetables can be contaminated with various bacterial pathogens, including Salmonella, Shigella, E. Coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Campylobacter.

Singularly perturbed partial differential equations with small parameters with higher derivatives deserve special attention, which often arise in a variety of applied problems and are used in describing mathematical models of diffusion processes, absorption taking into account small diffusion, filtration of liquids in porous media, chemical kinetics, chromatography, heat and mass transfer, hydrodynamics and many other fields. It is necessary to consider the creation of an asymptotic classification of solutions of singularly perturbed equations using a well-known approach to solving the boundary value problem. In this case, the singular problem is understood as the problem of constructing the asymptotics of the solution of the Cauchy problem for a system of ordinary differential equations with a small parameter with a large derivative. The asymptotics of the solution in all cases is based on the last time interval or the construction of a boundary value problem for a system with a weak clot in an asymptotically large time interval. Purpose - to construct and substantiate the asymptotics of solving a singular initial problem for a system of two nonlinear ordinary differential equations with a small parameter; To date, a number of methods have been developed for constructing asymptotic expansions of solutions to various problems. This is the method of boundary functions developed in the works of A.B. Vasilyeva, M.I. Vishik, L.A. Lusternik, V.F. Butuzov; the regularization method of S. A. Lomov, methods of averaging, VKB, splicing of asymptotic decompositions of A.M. Ilyin and others. All the above methods allow us to obtain asymptotic expansions of solutions for wide classes of equations. At the same time, such singularly perturbed problems often arise, to which ready-made methods are not applicable or do not allow to obtain an effective result. Therefore, the development of methods for solving equations remains a very urgent problem. As a result of the study, an algorithm for constructing an asymptotic classification of the initial solution of the problem with a singular perturbation is given, and approaches to estimating the residual term are also shown.

Main problem: for the 2019-2021 years of the implementation of the state program, the indicator for the number of incoming visitors in the tourism sector of the region was achieved in 2019. In 2020-2021, the indicator was not reached due to the global pandemic associated with the spread of coronavirus infection by Covid-19, and therefore the attractiveness and profitability of tourism in Kazakhstan decreased. Tourism and the increasing demand for tourism services every year are becoming a source of large incomes and profits in many countries. According to the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), travel and tourism is currently the largest industry in the world, taking into account the contribution to global GDP and employment. [1] The conclusions made in this paper and practical recommendations can contribute to the development of measures to improve the process of effective management and reform of the tourism industry. The purpose: to study the theoretical and practical aspects of the development of the tourism industry in the Pavlodar region. Methods: in the course of the research, the following methods were used: theoretical analysis of literature, methods of ranking, analysis, grouping and systematization of data, statistical methods. Results and their value: currently, the tourism industry of both Kazakhstan and its regions is gradually beginning to develop. The article presents the result of assessing the attractiveness of the tourism market and shows ways to expand the industry, as well as reveals the specifics of management in the tourism sector. The formulated conclusions and practical recommendations can contribute to the development of measures to improve the process of effective management and reform of the tourism industry of Pavlodar region, as well as the development of a mechanism for using tourism potential in the socio-economic development of Kazakhstan. This study is relevant, since the main task for today is the need to study the problems and challenges in the field of tourism development, which will contribute to the development of other related industries in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The development and solution of the problems of the tourism industry itself will undoubtedly lead to an increase in the opportunities of this market and the demand for services and, as a result, will affect the development of economic indicators of both regions and the whole of Kazakhstan.

The article discusses the experience of developing a computer video game by a team of students of the Department of Information Technology of the Innovative University of Eurasia within the 48-hour competition «48h Game Making Challenge» for creating video games, held in Pavlodar on October 27-29, 2022 in the IT-Hub building of the College of Information Technologies (93 Lermontov St.). Basic information about the event and a link to the registration form were published on the Instagram @digital_drive14 social network page and on the website https://digitaldrive.kz /. 8 teams from different educational institutions of Pavlodar participated in the competition. The purpose of the article is to comprehend the practical experience of developing a computer game. The team chose the Unity game engine as the environment and the main tool for developing a computer game. The Unity program is a popular development environment for interactive 2D and 3D content. The engine is completely free for the average user. The Unity engine was also chosen because it is multifunctional and uses a component-oriented approach, in which the developer creates objects and adds various components to them. The advantage of the engine was also the presence of a huge library of assets and plugins, with which you can significantly speed up the game development process. The graphics of the game were made in Photoshop. The music and sounds were taken from free sources. InEU team developed a computer game «Conqueror of the Moon» and became the winner of the contest «48 Hour Game Making Challenge Pavlodar 2022». During the development of the game, the team first chose the engine, developed the plot and concept of the game, created an image for the level and menu. Then the programmer developed the mechanics of the game, wrote code for control, time, dialogues, messages. The designers drew the environment, background, characters, created all the animations for the game and found music for the background of the menu and the game itself.

Increasing the yield of sunflower is inextricably linked with the evaluation of newly created interline hybrids and their components (parental forms) using various methods for assessing their combination ability (CА). Breeding research in this direction includes large material and practical costs when using the developed methods for assessing combination ability (CА) due to its small analytical capabilities. New approaches to the analysis of the productivity of hybrids in practical studies can significantly increase the volume of the analyzed material and evaluate not only for a short period of testing, but also for a long period of time over the years. Purpose is determination of the combination ability of parental forms of sunflower interlinear hybrids to optimize the breeding process. When analyzing the determination of the combination ability of the parental components of sunflower interlinear hybrids, the method of evaluating the CА according to a special scale developed at VNIIMK (Krasnodar, Russia) was used. This method makes it possible to analyze a large number of hybrid combinations and their parental forms and draw appropriate conclusions for further use in the breeding process. The analysis of the obtained results makes it possible to fully evaluate the obtained interline hybrid combinations by years of testing. We analyzed 1736 hybrid combinations involving 212 maternal forms and 1472 combinations involving 209 paternal pollen fertility restorer lines. 75 maternal lines with a high total combination ability (GCА) and 97 paternal forms with this trait were identified. Maternal lines with high combinational ability VKU 110 A, VKU 140 A and SV 55 A are of interest for use in practical breeding. Among the paternal forms are SV 123 V, VKU 400 V and VKU 401 V. The components of hybrid combinations with high specific combination ability (SCА) have been determined. These are lines VKU 414 A, VKU 413 A, SV 31 Rf, SP 1459. Hybrids with high adaptive properties have been identified when growing conditions change, which will make it possible to purposefully conduct practical breeding to maintain high productivity of sunflower hybrids

Phytopathological Assessment of Sunflower Genetic Resources in Relation to Vegetative Conditions in the East Kazakhstan Region during 2021-2023