Annotation: The main problem: the article examines the development of cognitive abilities of high school students by conducting a theoretical analysis of philosophical, pedagogical, psychological, scientific and methodological works and current directions of its development. Improving the educational process in secondary educational institutions and developing the cognitive abilities of high school students is an urgent problem. Therefore, the task arises of developing the thinking and activity of high school students while studying in secondary educational institutions, teaching them to use their knowledge and skills in new life situations. The implementation of these tasks makes it urgent to search for ways and forms of organizing the educational process, which will contribute to the formation of the skills to plan and organize the cognitive activity of high school students. Purpose: to substantiate the general logical coordinates and methods of reformatting various humanitarian paradigms used in action. Methods: ontological principle of logic with genetic content, method of transforming specific images of objects based on their abstract meaning, method of transition from abstract to concrete language, language of thinking of schematic images of thought and language of methodological theory. activities. Currently, such an update represents a transition to the methods and tools of active learning technology as a means of continuous development of science and school practice, the use of which in most cases helps to increase the interest and activity of adolescents. The results and their significance: logically substantiated universal abstract-concrete coordinates of the universal movement are presented. In relation to life and the world of activity, they can be defined by the coordinates: “standard of living - activity efficiency”, or “action efficiency - time”, or “result - costs”, or “quality - quantity” etc. Clarity of thinking is ensured by the logic of movement vectors descending from the real to the abstract, ascending from the abstract to the real, as well as their combination. The constant need for cognitive activity creates in students a feeling of cognitive satisfaction, seeing the result of curiosity, its planning and organization. This result teaches the teenager to actively seek new cognitive activities and gain experience in mastering the subject.

Annotation: The main problem: Today, the introduction of inclusive education is becoming one of the priorities of the state policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the system of modern education. In accordance with the law on Education, equal access to quality education for citizens is guaranteed, taking into account their intellectual development, psychophysiological and individual characteristics. The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of inclusive education. The author considers the problems on the way to the introduction of inclusive education, provides an analysis of the experience of conducting an IT school within the framework of inclusive education. An attempt has been made to identify the factors contributing to the successful implementation of inclusive education methods in the modern educational space. Objective: To consider the issues of the development of inclusive education in the Republic of Kazakhstan. To present the methodology of teaching children with special educational needs, to suggest possible ways to solve problems on the way of introducing inclusive education into the domestic education system. Methods: The methods of analysis, synthesis and deduction were used in the article. Results and their significance: Based on the results of the work carried out aimed at identifying the main problems hindering the process of implementing inclusive education, as well as based on the results of the analysis and the identified main aspects in the cognitive activity of children with hearing and speech disorders, the author of the article proposes a methodology for teaching children multimedia technologies. In addition, the author clearly substantiates the need to prepare a teacher for the use of inclusive education methods, due to the lack of willingness of some teachers to teach in a class (group) in which people with disabilities study, fearing to get into a situation of psychological and professional discomfort.

Annotation: Main problem: at the current stage of social development, the role of the family is significantly increasing. Family well-being affects both the level of social welfare and the psychological environment in which children are brought up. In psychological studies of family life, special attention is paid to issues of interpersonal relationships, especially between parents and children at preschool age. It is during this period that the development of relations between the child and parents, their connection becomes more important and significant, when there is a restructuring and strengthening of intra-family relations. This is caused not only by age characteristics, but also by modern social processes. The complication of relations between parents and children at preschool age requires special attention to the search for appropriate psychological and pedagogical methods of managing this process. Purpose: substantiation of identification of features of parent-child relationships in complete and incomplete families. Methods: method of ascent from the abstract to the concrete, method of transformation of concrete images of objects based on their abstract essence, speculative language of schematic images of thought. Results and their significance: in relation to life and the world of activity, a person's personal potential is manifested in actions in the positions of «individual», «student» and «subject», and the formation of personality begins with the family. Certainty of thinking is given by the use of vectors of movement in the logic of descent from the concrete to the abstract, ascent from the abstract to the concrete, as well as in their combination.

Annotation: Main problem: In the latest Addresses of President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev to the people of Kazakhstan it is indicated that “systemic problems in education. Crises of mental development, age and life crises are widely represented in a variety of psychological studies. The gap, the contradiction between the actual and potential forms of coexistence create, according to various scientists, the phenomenon of a crisis, when a child, a youth, an adult strive for something, not knowing what their heart desires. Age crises accompany a person throughout life. For some they pass smoothly, for others they are very difficult. The form, duration and severity of crisis situations can vary depending on the individual characteristics of a person, social conditions, and the peculiarities of upbringing in the family. Age crisis situations are natural and necessary for development. A more realistic life position that arises as a result of such crises helps a person to find a new, relatively stable form of relationships with the outside world. Life crisis situations are the subject of close attention of psychologists. Dividing human life into periods, stages, they draw attention to the difficulties of transition from one stage to another. Purpose: to consider the problems of adaptation to crisis situations in primary school students. Methods: the method of ascending from the abstract to the concrete, the method of transforming concrete images of objects based on their abstract essence, the speculative language of schematic images of thought. Results, their significance: in relation to life and the world of activity, a person's personal potential is manifested in actions in the positions of «individual», «student» and «subject». Certainty in thinking is given by the use of vectors of movement in the logic of descending from the concrete to the abstract, ascending from the abstract to the concrete, as well as in their combination

Annotation: Modern education faces the need for constant updating and adaptation to new realities. One of the key problems is to improve the efficiency of the educational process Тo assess the impact of information and communication technologies on the quality of education in a comprehensive school. Research methods to achieve this goal, a comprehensive analysis of scientific literature was conducted, as well as practical research within the educational process: a survey of teachers and students, action research to compare the results of lessons conducted using digital technologies and with traditional teaching methods. Вестник Инновационного Евразийского университета. 2024. № 3 ISSN 2709-3077 29 Results and their significance the study showed that the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process allows: to increase student motivation, individualize learning - information and communication technologies allow you to create personalized learning trajectories for each student, taking into account their pace and characteristics of information perception. Another important result is the ability to develop digital competencies necessary for a successful life in modern society. Finally, the use of information and communication technologies allows for a more in-depth and comprehensive study of educational material, and also provides feedback between teacher and student, which leads to an improvement in the quality of education.