Annotation: Dueto the increasingcapabilities of computersystems, the proliferation of information exponentially, and the total computerization of all fields of activity, the problem of human selfdeterminationin situations of highuncertainty is becoming relevant. Thisappliesnotonly to students and youth, butalso to allsubjects of professional activity. The greatest concern is expressed by researchersand teachers. Thedeepe rproblemis the lack of agreedcriteria for the systematization of informationand knowledge, and theiradequ ateapplicationin activities. To substantiate a methodological approachand a functionaldigital format for the systematization of informationand knowledge. The method of ascendingfrom the abstractto the concrete, the speculativelanguage of functionalsymbolicimages. As aresult of the analysis of somebasicin formationclassi fication systems (UDC, MRNTI, GRNTI, andothers), manyin consistencies and contradictions have been identified in the attributionof certainscientificande ducational disciplinesto natural sciences, humanities, andsocial sciences. The rationale for using the functional ontocell of the Higher Attestation Commission as a singlecriterion for the analysisandlogi calordering of allscientifi candeducationalknowledge, sciencesand disciplines is given. Systematization is provided through the use of a speculative language of functional and symbol icimages, which has the properties of functionality, constructive enessandlogic. Avariant of the systematization of sciencesandre levantacademic disciplines is given.

Annotation: The main problem of the study lies in the fact that the implementation of inclusion principles in the educational environment is hindered by the insufficient preparedness of teachers, lack of resources, and inadequate adaptation of the learning environment to the needs of children with special educational needs (SEN). The purpose of the article is to identify the main challenges in introducing inclusive practices and to outline the prospects for their further development in educational organizations. Research methods include theoretical analysis of literature and regulatory documents, comparative analysis of inclusive education practices, and synthesis of existing experience. The results obtained reveal key barriers to implementing inclusion and identify promising directions for its development, including improving teacher qualifications, enhancing learning conditions, and expanding support for children with SEN. The practical significance of the study is that its findings can be used to improve the educational environment, develop teacher training programs, and introduce effective inclusive practices in schools.

Annotation: The main problem: Currently, higher education in Kazakhstan is going through a period of unprecedented changes. Obviously, the main driver of these changes is the influence of innovative technologies in the educational process. Because innovative technologies have a number of advantages: they stimulate active learning; provide quick feedback; establish teacher-student contact; form "unconventional" thinking among students; encourage collaboration among students; encourage a variety of learning methods. Based on the above, we can understand that innovative technologies have radically changed the old "teach and learn" paradigm. In the new learning example, the role of the student is more important than that of the teachers. Objective: The goal of introducing innovative technologies is to prepare people for life in an ever-changing and developing society. Methods: Innovative technology – Bloom's taxonomy in teaching the discipline "Russian language". The article discusses topical issues related to the organization of an effective process of teaching Russian in higher education institutions. The authors consider a system of tasks for the development of critical thinking that contribute to the formation of foreign language communicative competence of university students using Bloom's taxonomy. Results and their significance: A system of tasks that develop critical thinking and contribute to the formation of foreign language communicative competence of university students is revealed. An analysis of the seminar session and theoretical materials in accordance with Bloom's taxonomy are presented

Annotation: The article is devoted to the study of reading activity as a key mechanism for the formation of meaning and interpretation of a literary text. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a systematic analysis of the role of the recipient in the process of the literary work's existence, which corresponds to the modern trends in literary studies focused on receptive aesthetics and the theory of interpretation. Based on the prose of S.P. Shevchenko, the article analyzes specific forms and strategies of reader activity that allow one to move from the perception of linguistic signs to the construction of a holistic artistic picture. Special attention is paid to identifying the structural components of reading activity – cognitive, emotional, and associative – that determine the depth and nature of the author's chroniclehistorical prose. The paper examines mechanisms such as the reconstruction of historical context, ethical verification of the events described, and intertextual association, which relates to V. Iser's ideas about the "voids" of the text and the active role of the reader, as well as U. Eco's concept of the cooperative nature of interpretation. The paper distinguishes between the subjectivity of the reader's perception and the objective framework set by the poetics of chronicle narration, which allows for a description of the boundaries of acceptable interpretation. As a result of the study, the main models of interpretation of S. P. Shevchenko's prose texts are specified and typologized. It is proved that reading is not a passive act of perception, but a multi-level creative process that is integrated into the semantic structure of a work and determines the finalization of its artistic meaning.

Annotation: Employee retention in the hospitality industry is a crucial factor in maintaining service quality and business sustainability. This theoretical study aims to explore the role of career development and professional training in ensuring workforce stability in the hotel sector. The research is based on a comprehensive literature review and real-world case analysis, demonstrating that structured training programs, mentoring systems, and career planning initiatives contribute significantly to employee engagement and reduce staff turnover. The scientific value of this paper lies in its theoretical justification of implementing continuous career development as a strategic tool in human resource management. The findings highlight that a comprehensive approach to employee learning and growth leads to increased job satisfaction and long-term organizational commitment. The practical relevance of the study is evident in its potential to inform HR strategies within hotel organizations, particularly amid growing challenges related to staff shortages. The paper offers evidence-based recommendations for enhancing personnel stability through tailored learning systems and career progression pathways, which can be directly applied to improve operational efficiency and employee loyalty.

Annotation: The article provides a comprehensive study of the idiostyle and linguistic personality of Saken Seifullin as key factors in the formation of the national style of Kazakh literature in the 20th century. Based on an anthropocentric approach, the article reveals the multi-layered structure of the writer's idiostyle, which includes the lexical-semantic level, conceptual dominants, and pragmatic strategies of text generation. Special attention is paid to the ethnocultural origins of S. Seifullin's figurative system, which reflect the traditional worldview of the Kazakhs and the specifics of the steppe cultural space. The author analyzes the use of folklore elements, ethnographic vocabulary, symbols, mythopoetic images, and paremiological models, which provide a nationally marked poetics in his works. The work traces the interaction of folklore tradition and modernization trends, which allowed S. Seifullin to create an original artistic and linguistic system and make a significant contribution to the standardization of the literary language. The writer's role in shaping a new conceptual sphere of Kazakh literature based on the synthesis of cultural constants (el, zher, erkindik, enbek) and ideas of social renewal is revealed. It has been shown that S. Seifullin's idiostyle is an important link in the process of the formation of Kazakh literary speech, and his activities contributed to the strengthening of cultural and linguistic identity and the formation of stable figurative models of the national style. The article is of interest to researchers in the fields of linguistics, literary studies, ethnolinguistics, and cultural studies, and can also be used in educational practice when studying the history of the Kazakh language and literature.

Annotation: This article examines the political situation in the Ili region during the 18th–19th centuries. Since the second half of the 18th century, the Ili region became part of the Qing Empire, leading to the establishment of a complex military and administrative system. The study analyzes the formation of this system and the region’s strategic significance. To secure the Ili territory, the Qing authorities stationed troops composed of various ethnic groups and implemented strict border control and internal settlement policies. The main objective of the study is to explore the political, ethnic, and militaryadministrative history of the Ili region in the 18th–19th centuries and to reveal the influence and settlement processes of the Kazakh population in the area. Research methods include: historicalchronological method for systematizing the socio-political history of the region by stages; source analysis based on archival materials, statistical data from the Russian Empire, Qing imperial records, and official reports; comparative analysis utilizing studies by scholars from Kazakhstan, Russia, China, Europe, and the United States; archival and documentary method for analyzing written accounts about the Ili region; statistical analysis to examine ethnic composition, the ratio of sedentary to nomadic populations, and the quantitative characteristics of migration processes. The main tasks include describing the historical-geopolitical situation of the Ili region; clarifying the military and administrative structures of the Qing Empire in the area; identifying the causes and stages of Kazakh migration to Ili (1830–1871); characterizing the establishment, ethnic composition, and socio-political structure of the Ili Sultanate; and analyzing the agreements between the Russian and Qing empires concerning the sale and transfer of the Ili territory. The research findings show that the historical development of the Ili region from the fall of the Dzungar Khanate to the Qing colonial policy represents a significant stage in Central Asian history. Archival and documentary sources reveal the creation of the Ili General-Governorship, its administrative system, methods of governance, and colonial policies. The study also highlights the political and ethnic aspects of Kazakh and Kyrgyz resettlement in the region. The article was prepared within the framework of the Targeted Financing Program of theMinistry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan “Multilateralcooperation between Central Asia and China: from the early stages of interaction to strategicpartnership” IRN: BR24993008.

Annotation: In the context of growing social inequality and regional development disparities in Kazakhstan, particularly in industrialized regions, the level of involvement of socially vulnerable groups in the economy remains low. The lack of a systematic approach to inclusion limits the potential of human capital as a resource for sustainable growth. Despite the presence of targeted support programs, including employment promotion, microfinance, and inclusive education initiatives, their implementation is generally fragmented and not integrated into socio-economic development strategies. This reduces the effectiveness of such measures and hinders the formation of sustainable inclusion institutions. In addition, institutional, infrastructural, and digital barriers persist, limiting the full participation of vulnerable groups — including women, youth, persons with disabilities, and rural residents — in economic processes. These barriers reinforce structural inequalities and contribute to the reproduction of social exclusion. Under such conditions, inclusion should be reconsidered not as a form of social assistance but as an investment strategy aimed at expanding labor and entrepreneurial potential, strengthening domestic demand, and ensuring balanced regional economic development. The main goal of the study is to determine the potential of economic inclusion as a strategy for sustainable socio-economic development of the region. The research applies quantitative and qualitative methods, including analysis of official documents and SWOT analysis of inclusion conditions. Institutional, infrastructural, regulatory, and social barriers to the participation of vulnerable groups in the regional economy are examined. The study finds that despite the existence of basic infrastructure and support programs, the main constraints to economic inclusion are fragmented policies, weak interdepartmental coordination, digital and educational inequality. The inclusion of economically inactive populations through inclusive entrepreneurship, digital employment, and human capital development can become a significant driver of regional growth. A transition from compensatory support to strategic integration of inclusion into regional planning is proposed

Annotation: Despite the high share of rural population and the social importance of the agro-industrial complex, the contribution of rural areas to economic growth remains limited. The main challenges are low labor productivity, insufficient processing capacity, and youth migration to cities. To analyze the role of rural areas in ensuring sustainable economic development of Kazakhstan, to determine their impact on employment, GDP structure, food security, and energy transition. Official macroeconomic statistics (World Bank, Bureau of National Statistics of Kazakhstan) were used, along with comparative analysis of employment and GDP dynamics, and a review of publications on green economy and agro-innovations. The analysis shows that the share of agriculture in Kazakhstan's GDP has declined (from 4.7 % in 2015 to 3.9 % in 2024), while about 42 % of the population still lives in rural areas, and employment in agriculture remains above 12 %. This confirms that rural areas are important drivers of sustainability by ensuring employment, food security, and prospects for green energy. Their development is strategically significant for economic diversification and reducing social inequality

Annotation: This article addresses the issue of qualitative mismatch between the professional education system and the needs of the industrial sector in the context of economic digitalization. The focus of the study is Pavlodar Region, one of the key industrial regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on the analysis of digital, professional, adaptive, and behavioral competencies of graduates from vocational and higher educational institutions, the existence of a stable competence gap was identified, manifested in the discrepancy between graduate training and employer expectations. The study employed expert surveys, vacancy analysis, and content analysis of educational programs, as well as comparative assessment of the level of competence formation from the perspective of industrial employers. The findings reveal the most significant gaps in digital and practice-oriented skills, as well as in behavioral attributes essential for effective workplace adaptation. The article presents quantitative assessments of these discrepancies and proposes a structural-functional model for bridging the competence gap. Practical recommendations are formulated to enhance the alignment between the labor market and the education system, including the development of dual education, employer participation in curriculum design, and the creation of industrial training sites