Annotation: The article is devoted to one of the unproved questions of the syntax of the Russian language – the functioning of egocentric elements in the monuments of ancient Russian writing of the XI-XIV centuries, in the chronicle genre in particular. It is the diachronic research that will help shed light on the nature, functional and semantic features of egocentric units in modern Russia. The article considers the main features of metatextual units, which, in the author's opinion, clarify the «semantic pattern» of the main text, connect, strengthen and fasten its various elements, and also manifests their role as a kind of explicators of the speaker's position in Old Russian chronicle texts. The presence of metatextual units in the chronicle text confirms the scientific position about the presence of the author's beginning in the works of Old Russian literature, which allows us to identify the author's attitude to the language code of his utterance (speech work). In general, metatextual interpretation is aimed at simplifying the understanding of an object and finding a new element base for its description.

Annotation: The authors, based on analysis of the philosophy of the Eastern peripatetics, have shown that in the philosophical worldview of the middle ages Arabic magazynowanie there are aspects, which indicate that more needs to trace the Genesis of the problem of reason in Arabic philosophy of the middle ages. The article notes that the world of the XXI century is the world of post-industrial, information society, which constantly raises logical and epistemological problems in the field of science and philosophy. Therefore, there is a need for a critical study of the history of this problem, its Genesis and development to identify positive potential and progressive ideas. In this context, the analysis and study of the problem of reason and logic, the epistemological ideas of al-Kindi, al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ibn Rushd of the Arabic-speaking middle ages is not only of historical and philosophical interest, but also of actual significance. In this article, the authors consider the problem of reason in the worldview of representatives of Eastern peripatetism of the medieval Arabic-language philosophy of al-Kindi, al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ibn Rushd, based on the ideas of Aristotle. The paper presents the historical and philosophical aspect of the problem of reason inherent in the Arabic-speaking middle ages. The cognitive interest of representatives of Eastern peripatetism is connected with philosophy, questions of logic, and the doctrine of reason. Arabic-speaking philosophers in the middle ages were engaged in understanding the epistemological abilities of man, al-Kindi, being the founder of Arabic-speaking philosophy, put forward the idea of types of mind and stages of knowledge. Al-Kindi's positive philosophical ideas were further developed in al-Farabi's worldview. The thinker considered the priority of rational knowledge to be indisputable, in addition, al-Farabi showed an interest in logic, the theory of knowledge and human cognitive abilities. Al-Farabi's philosophy had a significant influence on Ibn Sina's philosophical views. The rationalism of Ibn Sina was also manifested in a very high assessment of logic, the thinker considered logic an introduction to philosophical knowledge. Ibn Rushd in his work developed along the same peripatetic path as his predecessors al-Kindi, al-Farabi, and Ibn Sina. The authors attempt to show that the problem of reason in philosophy and science has its Genesis, associated with the teachings of Eastern peripatetics of the Arabic-speaking middle ages. The teaching of the Arabic-speaking philosophers of the middle ages about the cognitive power of reason, despite the theological context and logical-epistemological limitations, had a progressive role in the history of philosophyd

Annotation: There have been different approaches to the phenomenon of ellipsis in both world and modern Azerbaijani linguistics. Although ellipsis is widely studied between the sides of compound sentences, but we believe that taking the wider and more diverse evolutionary processes in composite sentences, especially in complex sentences into consideration the fact of ellipsis in these constructions needs to be studied more deeply. The article provides detailed information on the characteristics of the formation of elliptical shapes of subordinate compound sentences. As you know, a subordinate compound sentence consists of two components: a main and a subordinate sentence. The ellipsis observed in a subordinate compound sentence does not manifest itself in the form of omission of any part of a sentence as in a simple sentence, but in the context of omission of the whole mai or subordinate sentence. Although the phenomenon of ellipsis can manifest itself in both components, the article deals with the ellipse observed in the main sentence. The article also notes that the phenomenon of ellipsis is naturally more characteristic of dialogic speech. Because this event occurs not as a deliberate, pre-planned form, but as a result of the natural regularity of language. It is clear that the basis of dialogic speech is question and answer sentences. Some of the question and answer sentences, in turn, form the components of a subordinate compound sentence, forming a dialogue unit. In some dialogues with such a construction, the phenomenon of elliptism manifests itself in the question sentence and in others in the answer sentence. It also provides detailed information on the role of many factors in the emergence of this language fact, in particular, the tendency of the language to save. The article also reflects and compares the views of world linguists on the phenomenon of ellipsis. The fact of the language which is dealt with is substantiated by concrete examples.

Annotation: The article examines the emergence and functioning of the Soviet institutions of power in Kazakhstan during the period of "war communism". On the basis of archival materials and published works, the author analyzes the activities of Soviets and revolutionary committees. The purpose of the article is to study the main trends and features of the development of local government in Kazakhstan in 1918-1921. The study is based on the principles of historical, scientific objectivity and systemic structural-functional analysis. For this reason, the author used such methods as the method of historical reconstruction for the reorganization of the administration of Soviet, party and other local bodies; the method of isolation for the study of local (regional) features in relation to local phenomena and processes in the energy sector; the method of typology, which made it possible to identify and describe different types of local authorities. The authors come to the conclusion that in 1918-1921, during the period of civil resistance, "war communism" and the beginning of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, bodies of the new Soviet power appeared and operated in Kazakhstan. They are characterized as having an anti-democratic character; strict social orientation; alienation of indigenous peoples; immanent nature for creating conflict situations; choosing non-optimal ways and means of solving a problem situation; unification of party and state. As a result, an overgrown and clumsy class of party classification was formed, which was not provided for by the Constitution of the USSR.