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Economic sciences


Evaluation of Mechanisms’ Effectiveness of State Regulation of Innovative Activity
Annotation: Main problem: Rapidly changing trends in development of economies of countries require a rational approach to state regulation of innovative activity and investments directed to organization of real sector of the economy. At the same time, for analysis of modern state policy in the system of innovative development, it is necessary to assess the effectiveness of state regulation mechanisms of innovative activity in the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Purpose: to assess mechanisms of state regulation of innovative activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the global competitiveness system. Methods: synthesis, content analysis, accommodation, monographic method, factor analysis, economic and statistical research method. Results and their significance: The assessment of the mechanisms of state regulation of innovative activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the global competitiveness system allowed to fully assess effectiveness of mechanisms of state regulation of innovative activity in the economy. Examining the sub-indices of international rating of the World Economic Forum for 2021-2022 in relation to 2017-2018, the authors came to conclusion that in Kazakhstan today there is the decrease in all the sub-indices of rating and their factors (“basic requirements” and “business complexity”), with exception of “innovation” sub-index. This sub-index was significantly reduced due to a sharp deterioration in macroeconomic environment, which is directly related, according to the authors, to significant losses in oil export revenues. This, in turn, affected the deterioration of the state budget indicators. The article pays special attention to place and role of state regulation of innovative activity in the socio-economic policy of the country. Organizational and methodological problems in development and implementation of innovative policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan are researched in detail, which makes it necessary to solve them in order to achieve the effectiveness of innovative policy at the regional and national levels.
Author: Buka S.A.
Year of release: 2024
Number of the journal: 1(93)

Issues of Interaction Between Operational and Strategic Management of an Enterprise in a Market Environment
Annotation: Main problem: One of the priority directions for improving the management system at the enterprise is the organization of effective interaction between strategic and operational management through the formation of a mechanism for their interaction, orienting operational management to achieve strategic goals and objectives. In market conditions, issues of interaction between strategic and operational production management are particularly relevant, allowing solving complex economic problems of the enterprise related to the rational use of resources involved in production, reducing production costs, improving the quality of products, optimizing production potential in order to increase the efficiency of the entire enterprise as a whole and its structural divisions. The role of the mechanism of interaction between strategic and operational production management also lies in the possibility of coordinating those final strategic goals that the enterprise strives for with the actual internal production capabilities. The purpose of this article is to study the issues of interaction between operational and strategic management of an enterprise in a market environment. The theory and modern practice of production management in a competitive environment show that the implementation of operational production management is a natural stage in the implementation of strategic management, therefore, there is a close relationship between them, which manifests itself in their interaction. Methods: The methods of analysis and generalization, the method of systematic and comparative analysis, structural and functional method, economic and mathematical methods, graphical and tabular method were used in the work. Results and their significance: the authors consider the theoretical aspects of the relationship between strategic and operational production management at an enterprise in a competitive environment. There is a low level of compliance of operational tasks of production with the strategic goals of development of domestic enterprises and the special role of information systems designed to link operational and strategic management tasks together. Accordingly, the key aspects of information technology implementation are investigated, including the need for employee training, strategic communications planning, information flow management and the use of data analytics. Examples of successful application of information technologies in various industries and organizations are given.
Year of release: 2024
Number of the journal: 1(93)

Electronic Financial Services Market in RK: Problems and Prospects of Development
Annotation: Main problem: At the present stage of life, Innovations in the financial sector contribute to the optimization of financial intermediation and, in turn, stimulate economic growth. Financial innovations increase the efficiency of the allocation of savings capital to investment capital, as well as increase liquidity in the markets. As the digital economy has developed, the functionality of traditional large financial institutions has been partially replaced by financial technologies (FinTech). FinTech involves the convergence of traditional financial services with mobile services, social media services, big data aggregation and processing, and cloud technologies. Purpose of this article is to identify the main directions of the electronic financial services market in the Republic of Kazakhstan, identify the main problems and prospects for the development of the financial sector of the economy. Methods: The work used general scientific methods of comparative system, vertical and horizontal analysis, structural and functional method, analytical techniques, economic and statistical research methods. The results and their significance: the authors identified the main directions of digitalization of the financial sector of the modern economy, noted the role of FinTech companies and services in both theoretical and practical terms, and provided relevant approaches to the definition of this concept in the economic literature. The main reasons and factors for the development of this direction of digitalization of the financial sector are substantiated, including the concept of financial accessibility, the advantages and disadvantages of FinTech, various approaches to their classification, country and regional characteristics, and an analysis of development trends. The crowdfunding direction of FinTech is noted, approaches to its definition and classification are given, the advantages of the crowdfunding mechanism are revealed, and its role in the modern economy is analyzed. The trend of algorithmic trading development as the most important direction of digitalization of the financial sector is investigated. A detailed analysis of mobile financial services as one of the fastest-growing areas of FinTech is carried out, approaches to their classification are given, factors stimulating the growth of mobile payments, country and regional characteristics are substantiated. The main directions of digitalization of the insurance sector are analyzed, reasonable conclusions about the advantages of InsurTech are made.
Year of release: 2024
Number of the journal: 1(93)

Crowdfunding. Smart guide for small businesses, a special version for young entrepreneurs from Kazakhstan
Annotation: The article examines the topic as a whole and does not give advice on choosing web crowdfunding platforms, leaving interested parties the opportunity to conduct extensive research in search engines and assess the differences between different platforms. It should be noted that in this book, in addition to topics describing crowdfunding in general, there is a small "excursus" dedicated to crowdfunding in Kazakhstan, which you will find in the last chapter of the book. The article is intended for students of economic universities, aspiring young entrepreneurs, representatives of small businesses and the business world in general, in a special version that I wrote for Kazakhstan. In the article "Crowdfunding. Smart guide for small businesses, special version for young entrepreneurs from Kazakhstan" the following research methods were used: comparative analysis: a comparison of various crowdfunding models available on the world market is carried out; qualitative analysis: assessment of the applicability of crowdfunding in Kazakhstan, real examples and results are considered; Review of literature and empirical data: examination of existing information on crowdfunding in Kazakhstan and other countries. These methods help to structure the material for entrepreneurs and aspiring businessmen. This is not a reference book, but a simple text for those who want to get the first useful information about alternative financing methods to a traditional bank. The article contains tips to help you understand how the most common types of crowdfunding used by small and medium-sized enterprises and commercial startups work. If you are faced with the need to finance a new venture or business idea, production, or have heard about crowdfunding and want to learn more about it, this simple guide may be useful. This article describes in a simple way the main crowdfunding models currently available on the global market in order to give the reader the first useful idea of this innovative form of financing.
Author: P. Caputo
Year of release: 2024
Number of the journal: 3(95)

Essence of state regulation of the level and quality of life of the population: methods and tools
Annotation: State regulation of the level and quality of life of the population is one of the key functions of any state aimed at creating conditions for stable economic growth, social justice and improving the welfare of citizens. Quality of life includes not only material well-being, but also access to education, health care, environmental cleanliness, justice and other public goods. This article considers the essence of state regulation, its main mechanisms, goals and objectives. A system of indicators is presented to assess the standard of living of the population. The purpose of this article is to analyze the essence of state regulation of the level and quality of life of the population, to study its main mechanisms, goals and objectives, as well as to assess their effectiveness in the context of ensuring social welfare, economic stability and sustainable development of society. System analysis, which allows us to consider the state regulation of the level and quality of life of the population as a complex process involving the interaction of various social, economic and political factors; comparative method to analyze the experience of different countries in the field of state regulation and its impact on the quality of life. The results of the study show that state regulation of the level and quality of life of the population has a significant impact on the socio-economic development of the country, improving the welfare of citizens and reducing social inequality. Effective use of state regulation tools, such as tax and social policy, measures to support health care, education and ecology, contributes to the achievement of stability and sustainable development of society.
Year of release: 2024
Number of the journal: 3(95)

Business plan. Easy guide to write your own Business Plan
Annotation: The goal of this concise guide is to explain business economic analysis tools, often perceived as complex, in a simple and accessible way. Creating a business plan is not a particularly difficult task, at least at its basic level. Business planning is fundamental for all types of businesses: an entrepreneur must always know what they want to achieve and how to achieve it, with a tool that helps assess their idea. The main problem is that many aspiring entrepreneurs do not know how to create a proper business plan that effectively structures ideas, evaluates the market, and attracts funding. Objective: To provide a straightforward and clear guide for creating an effective business plan that covers all key aspects, including market analysis, strategy, financial planning, and risk assessment. Methods: The study utilized the analysis of existing business plans, practical recommendations from experts, and examples of successful companies. Result: The research outcome is a step-by-step guide to help entrepreneurs independently develop a high-quality and well-structured business plan.
Author: P. Caputo
Year of release: 2024
Number of the journal: 4(96)

Key Characteristics of the Development of the Energy and Utility Sectors Using Pavlodar Region as an Example
Annotation: The development of the energy and utility sectors plays a key role in ensuring sustainable socio-economic growth, improving the quality of life for the population, and achieving environmental sustainability. This article examines the main characteristics and performance indicators of these sectors in one of the regions – Pavlodar Region – and their impact on the region's economic and social stability. Special attention is given to current challenges and strategies for overcoming them. The objective of this article is to analyze the main characteristics and performance indicators of the energy and utility sectors in the region, identify their interrelation with sustainable development, and propose recommendations for improvement. The article employs methods of systems analysis, economic modeling, and comparative analysis to evaluate current trends and prospects. The study reveals that the effective development of the energy and utility sectors requires the adoption of modern technologies, improved management practices, and state support. These measures contribute to increased energy efficiency, reduced environmental risks, and improved quality of life for the population.
Number of the journal: 4(96)

The impact of artificial intelligence on the modern economy
Annotation: Currently, there is a sharp surge in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, which are beginning to be used everywhere in almost all fields of activity. At the same time, when talking about using AI, people's main fear is that it will trigger a cascade of layoffs, as the robot copes with its tasks better and more accurately. This article examines the impact of artificial intelligence on the modern economy in this and other aspects. To conduct an analysis on the impact of AI on the modern economy, GDP, productivity, and unemployment rate. To consider the issue at both the microeconomic and macroeconomic levels. Collecting macroeconomic statistics, the level of investments in this sector, exploring the possibilities of using AI. The ratio of the data obtained and their interpretation to obtain a picture of what is happening in the economy. The analysis shows that at the moment, despite all the big headlines, AI does not have any significant impact on the global economy. It has brought a lot of benefits to individual organizations and people, but at the same time it has not affected the reduction of jobs, which opponents of the introduction of this technology are so afraid of. Moreover, AI is not even a small catalyst for individual countries' GDP.
Author: I. Sozin
Year of release: 2024
Number of the journal: 4(96)

Issues and Prospects for the Development of Digitalization in Kazakhstan
Annotation: Main problem: In today’s environment, economic growth is closely tied to the adoption of digital technologies across various reproductive processes, giving rise to the concept of the "digital economy." Recently, there has been an increasing interest from researchers and experts in this area, leading to a multitude of scientific and media publications. Nonetheless, even with the growing number of studies, the understanding of digitalization processes within the economy is still at a relatively superficial level. Objective: This article analyzes the current level of digitalization in Kazakhstan's industry and explores the prospects for its further development. It identifies key challenges the country faces in the process of digitalization, including the lack of qualified personnel, the need for infrastructure modernization, and the creation of conditions to stimulate investment in new technologies. Methods: To comprehensively analyze the challenges and prospects of digitalization in Kazakhstan, qualitative data assessment, analytical methods, and deduction were used, including in depth studies with key stakeholders, examination of international experience, and analysis of infrastructure, educational initiatives, and regulatory frameworks. Results and Their Significance: In conclusion, the importance of a comprehensive approach to addressing these issues is emphasized for achieving success in the digital transformation of Kazakhstan's economy.
Author: А.I. Tkacheva
Year of release: 2024
Number of the journal: 4(96)