Annotation: Despite the significant resource potential of Kazakhstan’s rural territories, their contribution to sustainable economic growth remains limited due to infrastructure deterioration, technological backwardness, declining rural population, and insufficient investment activity. These factors create structural barriers to the development of the agro-industrial complex and exacerbate regional disparities. The study examines the role of rural territories as a determinant of Kazakhstan’s sustainable economic growth, identifies key macroeconomic trends in the agricultural sector for the period 2015– 2024, and outlines effective directions of state support aimed at enhancing the competitiveness of the agricultural economy. The research employs comparative and statistical analysis, graphical modeling, and structural-functional and systems approaches. Aggregated macroeconomic data were used, including indicators of rural population dynamics, investment in the agro-industrial complex, the share of agriculture in GDP, and the contribution of rural territories to the national economy. The findings show that despite the decline in the rural population, the contribution of rural territories to GDP and the share of the agro-industrial complex demonstrate a stable upward trend. This dynamic is associated with rising labor productivity, technological modernization, and increased investment inflows. The analysis confirms that investment serves as a key driver of structural transformation in agriculture, generating a cumulative effect through improved efficiency, development of logistics infrastructure, and the introduction of innovations. Major barriers to rural development were identified, and policy measures aimed at strengthening food security, fostering cooperation, advancing digitalization, and enhancing regional economic resilience were proposed. The results confirm the strategic importance of rural territories in ensuring Kazakhstan’s long-term sustainable economic growth.

Annotation: Modern enterprises operate under conditions of high uncertainty, where the unpredictability of emerging threats can lead to significant losses, transition into a zone of instability, and bankruptcy. The primary challenge is the necessity to shift from reactive to proactive management, as the negative impact of internal and external environmental factors directly undermines the long-term prospects of business development. To substantiate the importance of timely identification and comparative analysis of economic security threats as a fundamental condition for ensuring the continuous operation and sustainable development of an enterprise in the long term. To achieve the stated objective, the study employs methods of systemic and comparative analysis, tools for financial and strategic forecasting, as well as methods for risk identification and crisis monitoring of the organization's internal and external environments. The study substantiates that the stability of an enterprise in modern conditions directly correlates with the effectiveness of the monitoring system and the ability of management to identify crisis situations at the early stages of their occurrence. It is established that regular comparative analysis of threats and the implementation of forecasting tools not only minimize the risks of serious financial losses and bankruptcy but also create a reliable foundation for long-term strategic planning. The practical significance of the work lies in confirming that high personnel qualification in the field of economic security and the proactive elimination of negative internal and external factors are key determinants for maintaining competitiveness and ensuring the continuous functioning of an organization under conditions of market instability.

Annotation: The main problem: The purpose of this article is to perform an empirical analysis of the patenting activity of Kazakhstan, concerning the participation of at least one inventor residing in Kazakhstan and to give information about procedures for Patenting. The empirical research is based on the study of patent office databases and interviews with consulting experts. The analysis showed the prevalence of domestic applicants among the sample. Foreign applicants are represented mostly by business companies. Less than a third of all applications in the sample included a woman inventor. However, the average participation rate of women is close to the average world figure. Objective: To provide a concrete analysis of the relationship between inventions and patents in Kazakhstan. Furthermore, to offer information about procedures for Patenting and exams the innovative performance in Kazakhstan. Methods: The study utilized the analysis of existing database on the official websites and some interview with consulting experts in the city of Pavlodar. Results and their significance: The research outcome is current knowledge of the relationship between research and development and patenting by companies and university research centers

Annotation: With the increase in cross-border labor mobility in the post-Soviet space, the issue of regulating the pension rights of citizens working outside their home countries is becoming increasingly relevant. This study focuses on analyzing the economic and legal transformations in the field of pension provision resulting from the entry into force of the Agreement on Pension Provision for Working Citizens of Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). This international legal act is aimed at unifying and harmonizing the standards for the formation of pension rights of citizens working in the partner states of the integration association. The purpose of the work is to draw conclusions about the need to deepen international coordination in the field of pension provision as a key factor in the social integration and sustainable development of the Eurasian Economic Space. The study used general scientific and special methods, comparative economic and systemic analyses of the pension systems of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. The work examines the mechanisms of proportional financial accounting for labor (insurance) experience and pension contributions. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of key pension models – solidarity (distributive/labor) and accumulation, each of which reflects the specifics of the socio-economic reforms of the respective countries. The author introduces the concept of “Eurasian pension” into scientific discourse, understood as the totality of pension payments formed from the funds of two or more EAEU states, depending on the length of service and pension savings accumulated in the territories of various countries of the union. Based on the analysis, recommendations are formulated for improving the mechanisms of interaction between national pension systems, aimed at strengthening social justice and ensuring long-term stability within the framework of Eurasian integration.

Annotation: With increasing transparency of business processes and accessibility of information, consumers (participants in education field) are turning from passive recipients of goods and services into active participants in formation of universities’ corporate policy in social responsibility’s field. This creates strong economic incentives for universities to integrate sustainability practices into their business models. Digital transformation of business processes opens up new channels of interaction between consumer and company. Digital platforms enable two–way information exchange, which allows consumers to actively express their preferences in sustainable development’s field, and universities to quickly adapt their strategies to changing societal demands. Thus, article presents conceptual model of interaction between consumers of educational sphere and universities in virtual environment that ensures effective implementation of principles of sustainable development of universities’ business processes. Growing demand for digital skills and literacy in field of sustainable development is shaping consumer preferences and corporate strategies. Purpose of this study is to develop and empirically confirm conceptual model of interaction between consumer of educational sphere and universities in digital environment that facilitates corporate adaptation of university to sustainability requirements. For comprehensive study of impact of consumers on sustainable development of universities, combined method was used, combining qualitative and quantitative methods in virtual environment, including expert research and correlation analysis of 50 Kazakhstan universities. This approach allowed authors to identify key mechanisms of influence and effectiveness factors based on expert assessments, and then quantify identified patterns in broader sample of universities. Results demonstrate statistically significant relationship between activity of virtual consumers and sustainability indicators of universities, confirming relevance of model and its predictive potential. Conclusions of research are that informed and active consumers of educational sector play transformative role in shaping sustainable business strategies in context of digitalization and evolution of labor market.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the analysis of the processes of forming the investment potential of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2025 under conditions of global economic transformation. The paper раскрывает the theoretical and methodological foundations of the concept of “investment potential”, including its structural components: resource-based, labor, infrastructure, institutional, financial, and innovative. Based on up-to-date statistical data from the National Bank of Kazakhstan and the Ministry of National Economy, an analysis of the current state of the country’s investment potential is carried out. Key drivers of development are identified (rich mineral resource base, geopolitical position, digital infrastructure, integration ties), as well as systemic constraints (resource dependence, administrative barriers, shortage of qualified personnel, uneven regional development). The article examines the existing institutional mechanisms for attracting investment, including the updated regulatory framework (in particular, amendments to the Law “On Investments”), special economic zones with preferential regimes, and the practice of public-private partnerships. Priority sectoral areas of investment policy within the framework of the “Kazakhstan 2050” Strategy are defined: green energy, agro-industrial complex, digital economy, logistics, and manufacturing. The author proposes a set of measures to strengthen investment potential, including improving the regulatory environment, developing human capital, infrastructure modernization, financial support for investments, and marketing initiatives. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used, including the analysis of official statistical data, analytical reports of government bodies, and international organizations. The conclusion emphasizes that a systematic approach to the formation of investment potential is a key condition for long-term economic growth and increasing the competitiveness of Kazakhstan in the global economy

Annotation: This study proposes an innovative model of collaboration – the «Fast Track» project – which has no existing analogues in Kazakhstan. The project is designed to enable 11th-grade students to undertake first-year university courses in Mathematics 1, Mathematics 2, and English at an early stage, with subsequent credit recognition upon admission to the higher education institution implementing the program. The aim of this research is to analyze the mechanisms for implementing the «Fast Track» project and to evaluate its effectiveness in improving the quality of student preparation. The project itself is implemented through the redistribution of already existing parental educational expenditures. The empirical basis of the study includes the results of surveys conducted among 10th–11th grade students of a regional multidisciplinary boarding lyceum for gifted children, as well as interviews with the lyceum director and heads of career guidance departments at higher education institutions – Innovative Eurasian University and Toraighyrov University – along with financial and economic indicators related to the implementation of the «Fast Track» project. A comprehensive evaluation of the project’s effectiveness was carried out using economic and managerial analysis methods. In particular, the project’s investment attractiveness and sustainability were assessed using the net present value (NPV) indicator, which makes it possible to determine the long-term economic feasibility of its implementation. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of key project parameters was conducted to identify the factors exerting the greatest influence on its financial outcomes.

Annotation: Main problem: This article is for to the divulgation of ideas and projects implemented (or proposed) in the circular economy. The topic covered is the collection and recycling of waste produced by citizens and small businesses. It is a «CASE STUDY» of concrete projects that have been designed using the method of «possibilist economics», i.e. that new branch of Development Economics devised by A.O. Hirschman (USA) and developed by Luca Meldolesi (EUROPE) with his Italian working group (a group of which I have been an active member since 1986). During the years I spent working as a business economist, I adapted and increased the analysis and operational tools of the possibilist method to the subject of business development and creation, expanding the method with some new operational tools derived from my practical work and the analysis of the different realities in which I worked. This adaptation of ‘possibilism’ to business economics has been particularly useful in helping me find ‘possible’ solutions to complex problems in disadvantaged social and economic contexts. Purpose: The goal of this study is to give a concrete example of how the possibilist method is useful to create work and business in any field of economy. Methods: The article analyses a project of the author and its results. Results and their significance: This adaptation of «possibilism in economy» to business economics is a demonstration of the useful to helping economist to find «possible» solutions to complex problems in disadvantaged social and economic contexts.

Annotation: For the Republic of Kazakhstan, issues of environmental sustainability and rational use of natural resources remain among the important areas of development. The main problems include the high resource intensity of the economy, degradation of land resources, water scarcity, and the insufficient level of socio-economic development of rural territories. Under these conditions, the transition to the principles of a green economy focused on sustainable development and improving the quality of life of the population becomes increasingly important. The purpose of the study is to examine the development of the green economy in the Republic of Kazakhstan and its importance for the sustainable development of rural territories. The study considers the main directions of state environmental policy, the condition of the agricultural sector, and the implementation of environmentally oriented technologies in rural areas. The methodological basis of the research includes comparative, systemic, and statistical analysis methods, as well as methods of generalizing scientific literature and regulatory documents of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of environmental and agricultural policy. The study revealed that the development of a green economy contributes to the rational use of natural resources, improvement of energy efficiency, implementation of renewable energy sources, and modernization of agriculture. It was established that the greening of the agricultural sector, the development of organic production, and the implementation of resource-saving technologies positively affect the sustainability of rural territories, employment levels, and environmental safety of the regions

Annotation: The article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of attracting investments from international financial institutions (IFIs) into the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study aims to investigate and disclose these theoretical and methodological frameworks, as well as to analyze the operational strategies of IFIs. The research methodology includes a systemic-institutional approach, a comparative analysis of investment strategies, and the method of structural modeling. The paper reveals the essence of international financial institutions as an instrument of global investment interaction, analyzing their investment strategies and impact on macroeconomic processes. Particular attention is paid to the interaction models between the state and IFIs in the implementation of joint investment projects. It is substantiated that the participation of international financial institutions contributes not only to the mobilization of long-term financial resources but also to the formation of an institutional environment focused on sustainable development, mitigating investment risks, and enhancing the country's investment attractiveness. The author concludes that Kazakhstan's cooperation with international financial institutions is of strategic importance in the context of the global financial architecture transformation and strengthening regional integration.